Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 48, Shloka 34

Adhyaya 48 — The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

Sanskrit

एकविंशमथर्वाणमाप्तोर्यामाणमेव च ।

अनुष्टुभं सवैराजमुत्तरादसृजन्मुखात् ॥

Transliteration

ekaviṃśam atharvāṇam āptoryāmāṇam eva ca | anuṣṭubhaṃ savairājam uttarād asṛjan mukhāt ||

Translation

Mula sa Kanyang mukha sa hilaga, iniluwal Niya ang Atharvan (Atharvaveda), ang Ekaviṃśa na stoma na dalawampu’t isa, ang ritwal na Āptoryāma, ang sukat na Anuṣṭubh, at ang Vairāja (anyo ng stoma/awit).

Word by Word

• ekaviṃśam: twenty-onefold
• ekaviṃśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekaviṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu numeral adjective (twenty-one) qualifying stoma/arrangement understood

• atharvāṇam: Atharvan (Atharva-veda/chant)
• atharvāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atharvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āptoryāmāṇam: Āptoryāma (rite/chant)
• āptoryāmāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āptoryāmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa compound (āptaḥ + uryāmaṇa/oryāmaṇa tradition)

• eva: indeed; just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); particle of emphasis (निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• anuṣṭubham: Anuṣṭubh (metre)
• anuṣṭubham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anuṣṭubh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• sa-vairājam: together with (the) Vairāja
• sa-vairājam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + vairāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); avyayībhāva: 'with Vairāja'

• uttarāt: from the northern (side)
• uttarāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) used directionally, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• asṛjat: created; emitted
• asṛjat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• mukhāt: from (his) mouth
• mukhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narrative voice (cosmogonic description)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā (Creator)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Vedic ritual
• Metres (chandas)
• Pañcalakṣaṇa—Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Different Vedic branches and ritual technologies are portrayed as complementary facets of one creative intelligence, encouraging a synthetic (not sectarian) view of sacred knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: a continuation of primordial emanations, focusing on Atharvan and stoma/rite classifications.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Virāj/Vairāja’ and Anuṣṭubh often signify the move from vast cosmic measures to human-scale utterance; creation becomes speakable and practicable through compact metres.