Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 29, Shloka 21

Adhyaya 29 — Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality

Sanskrit

गृहस्थस्तत्परो भूत्वा सुसमाहितमानसः ।

ततस्तोयमुपादाय तेष्वेवाचमनाय वै ॥

Transliteration

gṛhasthas tatparo bhūtvā susamāhitamānasaḥ / tatas toyam upādāya teṣv evācamanāya vai

Translation

Ang maybahay, na nakatuon sa ritong iyon at may isip na natipon at payapa, ay dapat kumuha ng tubig at magsagawa ng ācamana doon mismo bilang bahagi ng pagtalima.

Word by Word

• गृहस्थः: the householder
• गृहस्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (गृहे + स्थः = 'house-dweller')

• तत्परः: intent on that
• तत्परः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्-पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (तत् + पर = 'devoted to that')

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• सु-समाहित-मानसः: with well-composed mind
• सु-समाहित-मानसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + समाहित + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय (समाहितं मानसः यस्य/समाहितमानसः; उपपद 'सु' = well)

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• तोयम्: water
• तोयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• उपादाय: having taken
• उपादाय: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) from √दा with उपसर्ग (उप+आ); अव्ययभाव

• तेषु: in/among them
• तेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• आचमनाय: for sipping (ritual sipping)
• आचमनाय: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/अर्थे चतुर्थी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (Dative/purpose/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), खलु/नूनम्-अर्थक (indeed)

Speakers

• Not in Devi Māhātmyam; household dharma instruction.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha-duties
• Ritual purity
• Mindfulness (samādhāna)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual is not mechanical: inner composure (samāhita-manas) is presented as integral to right action, making domestic duty a disciplined spiritual practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma supplement to Purāṇic teaching; it operationalizes dharma at the level of daily conduct.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ācamana signifies internalization of purity: water functions as a carrier of intention, marking a transition from ordinary activity to consecrated action.