Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 23, Shloka 98

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

चारुकुण्डलहाराभिस्ताराभिर्गगनं यथा ।

गीतशब्दैस्तथान्यत्र वीणावेणुस्वनानुगैः ॥

Transliteration

cārukuṇḍalahārābhis tārābhir gaganaṃ yathā | gītaśabdais tathānyatra vīṇāveṇusvanānugaiḥ ||

Translation

Sa magagandang hikaw at kuwintas, ito’y wari’y langit na may mga bituin; sa ibang dako nama’y umuugong sa mga awit, kasabay ng tunog ng vīṇā at plauta.

Word by Word

• चारु: beautiful
• चारु: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चारु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक; समासे पूर्वपद-विशेषण — adjectival first member in compound

• कुण्डल: earring
• कुण्डल: समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुण्डल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद — first member in compound

• हाराभिः: by/with garlands/necklaces
• हाराभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• चारुकुण्डलहाराभिः: with beautiful earrings and necklaces
• चारुकुण्डलहाराभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चारु + कुण्डल + हार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समाहार-द्वन्द्व (earrings and necklaces as a set), तृतीया, बहुवचन — Instrumental Plural; (surface form already fused)

• ताराभिः: with stars
• ताराभिः: उपमान-करण (Instrument in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

• गगनम्: the sky
• गगनम्: उपमेय (Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गगन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular

• यथा: as/like
• यथा: उपमा-सूचक (Simile marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमावाचक — comparative particle ‘as/like’

• गीत: song/sung
• गीत: समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीत (प्रातिपदिक; √गै/गाय् + क्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक (past participle used nominally), नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद

• शब्दैः: with sounds
• शब्दैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• गीतशब्दैः: with sounds of songs
• गीतशब्दैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीत + शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भावे तत्पुरुष (गीतानां शब्दाः / गीत-शब्दाः), तृतीया, बहुवचन — Instrumental Plural

• तथा: so/likewise
• तथा: सम्बन्ध/रीति (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण — adverb

• अन्यत्र: elsewhere
• अन्यत्र: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक — adverb ‘elsewhere/in another place’

• वीणा: vīṇā (lute)
• वीणा: समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद

• वेणु: flute
• वेणु: समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेणु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद

• स्वन: sound
• स्वन: समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासे मध्यपद

• अनुगैः: accompanied by
• अनुगैः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; ‘following/accompanying’

• वीणावेणुस्वनानुगैः: with (things/people) accompanied by vīṇā- and flute-sounds
• वीणावेणुस्वनानुगैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीणा + वेणु + स्वन + अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (वीणावेणोः स्वनम् अनुगाः—accompanied by the sounds of vīṇā and flute), तृतीया, बहुवचन — Instrumental Plural

Speakers

• Narrator voice (frame-speaker not identifiable from verses alone)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shringara", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Aesthetic splendor
• Music and ornamentation
• Heaven-like imagery

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Refinement (kalā) and harmony (saṅgīta) are portrayed as marks of a prosperous, dharmically ordered realm; beauty is not opposed to virtue in purāṇic imagination.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Varṇana within Ākhyāna. No direct cosmological creation/re-creation or manvantara chronology is stated.

What is the esoteric significance?

Stars/ornaments and music can symbolize nāḍī-vibration and inner luminosity: when the ‘subterranean’ energies are harmonized, they manifest as beauty and sound.