Shloka 32

Adhyaya 18 — Arjuna Declines the Throne; Garga Directs Him to Dattatreya; The Gods Defeat the Daityas through Dattatreya’s Vision and the Movement of Lakshmi

Sanskrit

देवा ऊचुः

अनघेयं द्विजश्रेष्ठ जगन्माता न दूष्यते ।

यथांशुमाला सूर्यस्य द्विज-चाण्डालसङ्गिनी ॥

Transliteration

devā ūcuḥ

anagheyaṃ dvijaśreṣṭha jagan-mātā na dūṣyate |

yathāṃśu-mālā sūryasya dvija-cāṇḍāla-saṅginī ||

Translation

Sinabi ng mga diyos: “O walang-kasalanang pinakamainam sa mga dalawang-ulit na isinilang, ang Ina ng daigdig (Devī) ay hindi nadudungisan—gaya ng kuwintas ng mga sinag ng araw na hindi nadudungisan kahit nakikisalamuha nang pantay sa isang Brahmin at sa isang Caṇḍāla.”

Word by Word

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ऊचुः: said
• ऊचुः: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• अनघे: O sinless one
• अनघे: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Address)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• इयम्: this (woman)
• इयम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• द्विजश्रेष्ठ: O best of the twice-born
• द्विजश्रेष्ठ: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्विजानां श्रेष्ठः)

• जगन्माता: mother of the world
• जगन्माता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् + माता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (जगतः माता)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• दूष्यते: is defiled
• दूष्यते: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दूष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (passive-like: is defiled)

• यथा: just as
• यथा: उपमान (Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान-अव्यय (comparative particle: just as)

• अंशुमाला: garland/cluster of rays
• अंशुमाला: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशु + माला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अंशूनां माला)

• सूर्यस्य: of the sun
• सूर्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• द्विज-चाण्डाल-सङ्गिनी: associated with both a brāhmaṇa and a caṇḍāla
• द्विज-चाण्डाल-सङ्गिनी: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of अंशुमाला)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्विज + चाण्डाल + सङ्गिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्वन्द्वपूर्वपद (द्विज-चाण्डाल) + सङ्गिनी (सङ्गः अस्याः)

Speakers

• Devas → Dattātreya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devas (collective)
• Sūrya (by analogy)
• Dattātreya

Shakti Aspects

• Implicit ‘World-Mother’ principle (jaganmātā) as undefiled nature/power; not a named Devī form in these verses

Key Themes

• Non-defilement of the pure
• Sun-ray analogy
• Transcendence of social purity boundaries
• Metaphysics of contact vs. taint

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purity is intrinsic to the luminous principle; it is not corrupted by what it illumines. The verse challenges rigid externalism by asserting that the truly pure can engage without being stained.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic analogy inside Ākhyāna; not a pancalakṣaṇa core (though it supports dharma/jñāna instruction typical of Purāṇas).

What is the esoteric significance?

The sun-ray imagery points to consciousness: it pervades all conditions yet remains unchanged. ‘Jaganmātā’ can be read as prakṛti/śakti—the cosmic matrix that manifests all without being inherently tainted.