Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 10, Shloka 30

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

रसहर्षभयोद्वेगक्रोधामर्षजरातुराम् ।

विज्ञातां स्वमृगग्राहिसंघपाशशताकुलाम् ॥

Transliteration

rasa-harṣa-bhaya-udvega-krodha-amarṣa-jarā-turām /

vijñātāṃ sva-mṛga-grāhi-saṃgha-pāśa-śatākulām

Translation

Nauunawaan ko na ang pag-iral na may katawan ay pinahihirapan ng mga ‘lasa’ ng damdamin, galak, takot, pagkabalisa, poot, hinanakit, at katandaan—punô ng daan-daang patibong na inihahagis ng mga pangkat ng mangangaso na sumasakmal sa kanilang biktima.

Word by Word

• रसहर्षभयोद्वेगक्रोधामर्षजरातुराम्: afflicted with taste, joy, fear, agitation, anger, indignation, and old age
• रसहर्षभयोद्वेगक्रोधामर्षजरातुराम्: Karma (कर्म/Object, implied)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रस-हर्ष-भय-उद्वेग-क्रोध-अमर्ष-जरा-आतुर (प्रातिपदिक; components: rasa + harṣa + bhaya + udvega + krodha + amarṣa + jarā + ātura)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); long dvandva used adjectivally, qualifying an implied feminine noun (e.g., माया/प्रकृति/अविद्या)

• विज्ञाताम्: known/recognized
• विज्ञाताम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative, participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-ज्ञा (धातु) → विज्ञात (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with implied feminine object

• स्वमृगग्राहिसंघपाशशताकुलाम्: crowded with hundreds of snares of one’s own animal-catching groups
• स्वमृगग्राहिसंघपाशशताकुलाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object, implied)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व-मृग-ग्राहि-संघ-पाश-शत-आकुल (प्रातिपदिक; components: sva + mṛga + grāhi + saṃgha + pāśa + śata + ākula)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies same implied feminine noun

Speakers

• Unspecified speaker; concluding diagnosis of saṃsāric bondage

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Kleśas/emotional afflictions
• Metaphor of bondage (traps/nooses)
• Vairāgya and discernment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Unexamined emotions and reactions function like traps that repeatedly capture the mind; discipline and insight are required to avoid being driven by fear, anger, and agitation.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

A psychological-mokṣa teaching within narrative; not directly one of the five lakṣaṇas, but supportive of dharma and liberation aims in Purāṇic pedagogy.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘hunters’ symbolize vāsanās/saṃskāras and sense-objects that ensnare awareness; seeing the mechanism is the first step toward cutting the pāśas through non-attachment and knowledge.