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Shloka 31

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

ओषधीनां शिरांसीव द्विषच्छीर्षाणि सो<न्वयात्‌ । अवनेशु: कुरूणां हि वीर्याण्यर्जुनजाद भयात्‌,वे धानकी बालके समान शत्रुओंके सिर क्रमशः काटते जाते थे। अर्जुनके भयसे कौरवोंकी सारी शक्ति नष्ट हो गयी थी

oṣadhīnāṃ śirāṃsīva dviṣacchīrṣāṇi so 'nvayāt | avaneśuḥ kurūṇāṃ hi vīryāṇy arjunajād bhayāt ||

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: Gaya ng mang-aani na sunod-sunod na pumuputol sa mga tuktok ng mga halamang-gamot, patuloy niyang ibinabagsak ang mga ulo ng kanyang mga kaaway nang magkakasunod. Tunay nga, dahil sa takot na idinulot ni Arjuna, gumuho ang lakas at loob ng mga mandirigmang Kuru.

ओषधीनाम्of herbs/plants
ओषधीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
शिरांसिheads
शिरांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
द्विषत्-शीर्षाणिthe heads of enemies
द्विषत्-शीर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विषत्-शीर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सःhe (Arjuna)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्वयात्followed/pursued
अन्वयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-या
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
अवनेशुःwere led down/failed/declined (i.e., were brought low)
अवनेशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-नी
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वीर्याणिpowers/strengths
वीर्याणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अर्जुनजात्from Arjuna
अर्जुनजात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
K
Kurus (Kauravas)
E
enemies (unnamed foes)
O
oṣadhi (medicinal plants, as simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear can dissolve even great martial strength: when a leader’s prowess is overwhelming, opponents may lose resolve before they are physically defeated. Ethically, it underscores the psychological dimension of kṣatriya warfare—valor is not only bodily power but steadiness of mind.

In the Virāṭa episode’s battle context, Arjuna is cutting down enemy warriors relentlessly—likened to severing plant-heads in a field—while the Kuru forces, intimidated by Arjuna’s reputation and presence, see their fighting power fail.