Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 41

Dhaumya’s Counsel on Incognito Conduct in a Royal Household (राजवसतौ आचरण-निति)

प्रत्यक्ष च परोक्षं च गुणवादी विचक्षण: । उपजीवी भवेद्‌ राज्ञो विषये योडपि वा भवेत्‌,यदि कोई मन्त्री पहले राजाका कृपापात्र रहा हो और पीछे अकारण उसे दण्ड भोगना पड़ा हो, उस दशामें भी जो राजाकी निन्दा नहीं करता, वह पुनः अपने पूर्व वैभवको प्राप्त कर लेता है। जो बुद्धिमान्‌ राजाके आश्रित रहकर जीवननिर्वाह अथवा उसके राज्यमें निवास करता है, उसे राजाके सामने अथवा पीठ पीछे भी उसके गुणोंकी ही चर्चा करनी चाहिये

pratyakṣaṃ ca parokṣaṃ ca guṇavādī vicakṣaṇaḥ | upajīvī bhaved rājño viṣaye yo 'pi vā bhavet ||

Wika ni Dhaumya: Sa harap man ng hari o sa likuran niya, ang taong may pag-unawa ay dapat magsalita lamang ng mga kabutihan ng hari. Kahit yaong nabubuhay lamang sa ilalim ng kanyang pag-iingat o naninirahan sa loob ng kanyang nasasakupan ay nararapat magpanatili ng gayong tapat na pananalita. Maliwanag ang aral: ang umaasa ay may tungkuling magpasalamat at magtimpi sa dila; huwag suklian ang pagkalinga ng hari ng paninisi, kahit pa nagdusa ng parusang di karapat-dapat, sapagkat ang matatag na katapatan ay makapagbabalik ng dating katayuan.

प्रत्यक्षम्directly, in presence
प्रत्यक्षम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परोक्षम्indirectly, behind (one's back)
परोक्षम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरोक्ष
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गुणवादीone who speaks of virtues (praises)
गुणवादी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विचक्षणःdiscerning, wise
विचक्षणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविचक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपजीवीdependent (one who lives by another)
उपजीवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीविन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be / may become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विषयेin the realm/territory
विषये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
भवेत्should be / may be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

धौग्य उवाच

धौम्य (Dhaumya)
राजा (the king)

Educational Q&A

A person who depends on a king—by service, livelihood, or residence in his realm—should practice disciplined speech: praise the ruler’s virtues both publicly and privately, avoiding backbiting. The verse frames this as a matter of dharma grounded in gratitude and loyalty.

Dhaumya is giving counsel on proper conduct in relation to royal authority. He emphasizes how one should speak about the king in all settings, highlighting the expected etiquette and moral duty of those who live under the king’s protection.