Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 22

जयद्रथ-निग्रहः — Jayadratha Restrained, Shamed, and Released

(तस्मादेष महाबाहो तव यज्ञ: प्रवर्तताम्‌ ।) एवमुक्तस्तु तैरविंप्रैर्धार्तराष्ट्री महीपति: । कर्ण च सौबल चैव क्रातृश्वैवेदमब्रवीत्‌

tasmād eṣa mahābāho tava yajñaḥ pravartatām | evam uktas tu tair viprair dhārtarāṣṭrī mahīpatiḥ | karṇaṃ ca saubalaṃ caiva bhrātṝṃś caivेदam abravīt ||

“Kaya nga, O makapangyarihang bisig, pasimulan nawa ang iyong handog.” Nang masabi ito ng mga Brahmana, ang haring Dhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana) ay nagsalita kay Karṇa, kay Saubala (Śakuni), at sa kanyang mga kapatid nang ganito—

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun (address/epithet)
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice/ritual
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्तताम्let it begin/proceed
प्रवर्तताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been spoken to/addressed
उक्तः:
TypeParticiple
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, Past (kta)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विप्रैःby the brahmins
विप्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
धार्तराष्ट्रीthe son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्री:
Karta
TypeAdjective (patronymic)
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपतिःking/lord of the earth
महीपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeProper Noun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सौबलम्Saubala (Shakuni)
सौबलम्:
Karma
TypeProper Noun/Adjective (patronymic)
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवjust/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इदम्this (speech/statement)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Brahmins (vipra)
D
Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra mahīpati)
K
Karṇa
Ś
Śakuni (Saubala)
K
Kaurava brothers
Y
Yajña (sacrifice/ritual)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how ritual (yajña) and priestly endorsement can be invoked to authorize a ruler’s course of action. Ethically, it invites reflection on whether outwardly dharmic forms—like sacrifices—are being used to serve genuine righteousness or merely to strengthen political ambition.

Brahmins urge the ‘mighty-armed’ ruler to commence his sacrifice. After hearing them, Duryodhana turns to his key allies—Karṇa, Śakuni, and his brothers—and begins to state his plan or instructions, indicating a consequential decision is about to be made.