Shloka 11

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 165 — Bhīṣma’s Appraisal and Karṇa’s Rebuttal (भीष्म–कर्ण विवादः)

Devanagari script

ते रथा: पञ्च राजेन्द्र येषां सत्यरथो मुखम्‌ | एते योत्स्यन्ति संग्रामे संस्मरन्त: पुराकृतम्‌

Transliteration

te rathāḥ pañca rājendra yeṣāṃ satyaratho mukham | ete yotsyanti saṅgrāme saṃsmarantaḥ purākṛtam, mahārāja |

Translation

Wika ni Bhīṣma: “O dakilang hari, may limang dakilang mandirigmang karwahe, at si Satyaratha ang nangunguna sa kanila. Inaalala ang naganap noon—ang dating paglapastangan at ang poot na idinulot nito—makikipaglaban sila nang buong loob sa larangan, O dakilang hari.”

Word by Word

• ते: those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथाः: chariot-warriors / chariots
• रथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन्
• Form: true

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• येषाम्: of whom
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• सत्यरथः: Satyaratha (proper name)
• सत्यरथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्यरथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मुखम्: the chief / foremost
• मुखम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• योत्स्यन्ति: will fight
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Simple Future (Lृट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• संग्रामे: in battle
• संग्रामे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• संस्मरन्तः: remembering
• संस्मरन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-स्मृ
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पुराकृतम्: what was done formerly / past deed
• पुराकृतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरा-कृत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• King (Dhritarashtra, implied by address rājendra/mahārāja)
• Satyaratha
• Five chariot-warriors (pañca rathāḥ)