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Shloka 42

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

क्योंकि श्रद्धा सबसे बड़ा देवता है। वही यज्ञ करने-वालोंको पवित्र करती है। ब्राह्मण साक्षात्‌ यज्ञ करानेके कारण परम देवता माने गये हैं। सभी वर्णोके लोग अपने-अपने कर्मद्वारा एक-दूसरेके यज्ञोंमें सहायक होते हैं ।।

ayajann iha satrais te tais taiḥ kāmaiḥ samāhitāḥ | saṃsṛṣṭā brāhmaṇair eva triṣu varṇeṣu sṛṣṭayaḥ ||

Ipinaliwanag ni Bhishma: Sa daigdig na ito, ang śraddhā (pananampalataya) ang pinakadakilang diyos; ito ang nagpapabanal sa mga nagsasagawa ng sakripisyo. Ang mga brāhmaṇa ay itinuturing na pinakamataas na kabanalan sapagkat sila ang tuwirang namumuno at nagsasakatuparan ng yajña. Ang mga tao sa lahat ng varṇa ay nagtutulungan sa mga yajña ng isa’t isa ayon sa kani-kanilang gawain. Sa mundong ito, nagsasagawa ang mga tao ng mga satra-yajña (mahahabang sesyon ng sakripisyo), bawat isa’y nakatuon sa iba’t ibang layon at pagnanasa; subalit ang mga ito’y nagiging wasto at ganap lamang sa pakikipag-ugnay sa mga brāhmaṇa, sapagkat ang kaayusang panlipunan ay itinatatag at pinananatili sa pamamagitan ng kanilang tungkuling ritwal at sagradong gampanin. Ang aral: ang gawaing panrelihiyon at ang pagtutulungang panlipunan ay nakasalalay sa wastong paggabay at sa kapwa pagsuporta ng mga varṇa, at ang mga brāhmaṇa ang di-maiiwasang tagapamagitan sa ritwal.

अयजन्they performed sacrifice / they sacrificed
अयजन्:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्रैःwith sacrificial sessions (satras)
सत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तेthose (they)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तैःby/with those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
तैःby/with those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
कामैःwith desires / aims
कामैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समाहिताःintent on / absorbed in / concentrated on
समाहिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-धा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
संसृष्टाःassociated/connected; brought into conjunction
संसृष्टाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-सृज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
ब्राह्मणैःby Brahmins
ब्राह्मणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed / just / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
त्रिषुin the three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
वर्णेषुin the varnas (social orders)
वर्णेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सृष्टयःcreations / arrangements / formations
सृष्टयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसृष्टि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmins (Brāhmaṇas)
T
the three varṇas (tri-varṇa)
S
satra (sacrificial session)

Educational Q&A

Ritual and social dharma function through interdependence: people pursue aims through yajña, but the rites are properly formed and sanctified through Brahmin guidance, and the varṇas support one another’s religious duties.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira, describing how sacrificial activity in society is organized—people undertake satra-yajñas for various goals, yet these are carried out in conjunction with Brahmins, who serve as key ritual agents within the varṇa framework.