Shloka 61
Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)
वाक्पारुष्यं तथोग्रत्वं दण्डपारुष्यमेव च | आत्मनो निग्रहस्त्यागो हार्थदूषणमेव च
vāk-pāruṣyaṃ tathogratvaṃ daṇḍa-pāruṣyam eva ca | ātmano nigrahas tyāgo hārtha-dūṣaṇam eva ca ||
Wika ni Bhishma: “Ang kabagsikan ng pananalita, ang mabangis na ugali, ang kalupitan sa pagpaparusa, ang pagkakulong o pagpigil sa katawan, ang ganap na pagtalikod sa isang tao, at ang pagdulot ng pinsalang salapi—ang anim na ito ay itinatakda sa aral bilang mga bisyong nagmumula sa galit. Ipinakikita nila kung paanong ang poot, kapag hindi napipigil, ay umaapaw mula sa pagkaligalig sa loob tungo sa salita, pamimilit, pagkasira ng ugnayan, at pinsalang materyal.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Anger is not merely an inner emotion; it manifests as specific harmful behaviors—abusive speech, violent intensity, cruel punishment, physical confinement, permanent abandonment, and financial injury. Dharma requires recognizing these outward forms and restraining anger before it becomes social and material harm.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhishma enumerates concrete ‘anger-born vices’ as part of his ethical guidance, warning how wrath corrupts judgment and leads to escalating wrongdoing in personal and political life.