Shloka 5
शुकस्य योगसिद्धिः (Śuka’s Yogic Attainment and Ascent)
एक समयकी बात है, विदेहदेशके राजा जनकने वेद-वेत्ताओंमें श्रेष्ठ महर्षि पंचशिखसे, जिनके धर्म और अर्थ-विषयक संदेह नष्ट हो गये थे, इस प्रकार प्रश्न किया-- ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | eka-samayasya vṛttānto 'sti | videha-deśasya rājā janako veda-vettṛṣu śreṣṭhaṃ maharṣiṃ pañcaśikhaṃ, yasya dharma-artha-viṣayakāḥ saṃśayāḥ praṇaṣṭāḥ, evaṃ papraccha— kena vṛttena bhagavan atikrāmej jarāntakau? tapasā vātha buddhyā vā karmaṇā vā śrutena vā? | “bhagavan! kena ācāreṇa, tapasā, buddhyā, karmaṇā athavā śāstra-jñānena manuṣyo jarāṃ mṛtyuṃ ca laṅghayituṃ śaknoti?”
Sinabi ni Bhīṣma: Noong minsan, tinanong ni Haring Janaka ng Videha ang dakilang pantas na si Pañcaśikha, ang pinakadakila sa mga nakakabatid ng Veda, na napawi na ang mga pag-aalinlangan tungkol sa dharma at artha. Nagtanong si Janaka: “Kagalang-galang na ginoo, sa anong uri ng pamumuhay makalalampas ang tao sa katandaan at kamatayan—sa pamamagitan ba ng pag-aayuno at pagdidisiplina (tapas), ng malalim na pag-unawa, ng gawa, o ng pagkatuto sa banal na kasulatan? Sa anong asal, pagsasanay, talino, mga gawa, o kaalamang banal makalalampas ang tao sa pagkabulok at pagkamatay?”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a classic dharmic inquiry: which human pursuit—ethical conduct, austerity, discernment, action, or scriptural learning—most effectively leads beyond the limits of aging and death. It sets up a teaching that liberation is not merely one external practice, but a principled path requiring right conduct and right understanding directed toward transcendence.
Bhishma recounts an earlier episode: King Janaka of Videha approaches the sage Panchashikha, renowned for Vedic mastery and clarity about dharma and artha, and asks him what means enables a person to cross beyond old age and death.