Shloka 79
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
राजन! परमात्मा भिन्न है और जीवात्मा भिन्न; क्योंकि परमात्मा जीवात्माका आश्रय है; परंतु ज्ञानी संत-महात्मा उन दोनोंको एक ही देखते और समझते हैं ।।
rājan! paramātmā bhinnaḥ ca jīvātmā bhinnaḥ; yasmāt paramātmā jīvātmano 'śrayaḥ; kintu jñāninaḥ santa-mahātmānaḥ tau ubhau ekam iva paśyanti ca manyante. te na etat nābhinandanti pañcaviṃśakam acyutam | janma-mṛtyu-bhayād bhītā yogāḥ sāṅkhyāś ca kāśyapa | ṣaḍviṃśam anupaśyantaḥ śucayas tat-parāyaṇāḥ ||
Wika ni Yājñavalkya: “O Hari, ang Kataas-taasang Sarili (Paramātman) ay hiwalay, at ang sarilin ng nilalang (jīvātman) ay hiwalay; sapagkat ang Kataas-taasan ang sandigan ng jīvātman. Gayunman, ang marurunong—mga banal at dakilang nakakakita—ay minamasdan at inuunawa silang dalawa bilang iisa. Kaya, O inapo ni Kaśyapa, ang mga yogin at mga tagasunod ng Sāṅkhya, na nanginginig sa panganib ng kapanganakan at kamatayan, ay hindi nasisiyahan sa ika-dalawampu’t limang prinsipyo lamang. Malinis ang puso at lubos na nakatuon sa Kataas-taasan, kanilang pinagninilayan ang ika-dalawampu’t anim na prinsipyo—ang Paramātman—at sa pananaw na walang pagkakaiba, sila’y laging nagagalak dito.”
याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that although the Supreme Self (paramātmā) and the individual self (jīvātmā) can be spoken of as distinct—because the Supreme is the support and ground of the individual—the realized sages perceive a deeper unity. Hence serious seekers do not stop at a limited metaphysical account (the ‘twenty-fifth principle’) but contemplate the higher ‘twenty-sixth’ reality, the Supreme, and rejoice in the vision of non-difference that frees one from fear of birth and death.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, Yājñavalkya addresses the king and explains how advanced practitioners of Yoga and Sāṅkhya, motivated by dread of saṃsāra (repeated birth and death), pursue direct contemplation of the Supreme principle. The passage frames philosophical enumeration (tattvas) as a practical spiritual ladder culminating in devotion and purified insight.