Shloka 39
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
इस प्रकार विश्वा नामसे प्रसिद्ध जो अव्यक्त प्रकृति है, वह त्रिगुणमयी है; क्योंकि वही त्रिगुणात्मक जगत्को उत्पन्न करनेवाली है। उससे भिन्न जो निष्कल (कलाओंसे रहित) आत्मा है, वही अविश्व कहलाता है। इसी तरह अश्व और अश्वाकी जोड़ी भी देखी जाती है (अर्थात् अश्वा अव्यक्त प्रकृति है और अश्व पुरुष) ।।
avyaktaṁ prakṛtiṁ prāhuḥ puruṣeti ca nirguṇam | tathaiva mitraṁ puruṣaṁ varuṇaṁ prakṛtiṁ tathā ||
Wika ni Yājñavalkya: “Ipinapahayag ng mga pantas na ang Di-nahahayag (Avyakta) ay ang Prakṛti—taglay ang tatlong guṇa—sapagkat mula rito sumisibol ang daigdig na hinubog ng mga guṇa. Naiiba rito ang Sarili, ang Puruṣa—walang bahagi at lampas sa mga guṇa. Gayon din, unawain si Mitra bilang simulain ng Puruṣa at si Varuṇa bilang simulain ng Prakṛti.”
याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse distinguishes two fundamental principles: Prakṛti (the unmanifest, tri-guṇa source of the world) and Puruṣa (the partless, nirguṇa conscious Self). It then maps this distinction symbolically onto the pair Varuṇa (as Prakṛti) and Mitra (as Puruṣa) to aid understanding.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and liberation, Yājñavalkya is explaining a philosophical framework for discerning the Self from nature—using well-known Vedic names (Mitra and Varuṇa) as illustrative correspondences rather than as a literal mythic episode.