Shloka 15
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
इन्द्रियाणि नरे पठच षष्ठं तु मन उच्यते । सप्तमीं बुद्धिमेवाहु: क्षेत्रज्ञ: पुनरष्टम:,मानव-शरीरमें पाँच ज्ञानेन्द्रियाँ और छठा मन बताया जाता है। बुद्धिको सातवीं और क्षेत्रञको आठवाँ कहते हैं
indriyāṇi nare pañca ṣaṣṭhaṃ tu mana ucyate | saptamīṃ buddhim evāhuḥ kṣetrajñaḥ punar aṣṭamaḥ ||
Ipinaliwanag ni Bhishma ang panloob na pagkakabuo ng tao: may limang pandama, at ang isipan (manas) ang sinasabing ikaanim. Ang buddhi (talas ng paghatol) ang ikapito, at ang “nakaaalam ng larangan” (kṣetrajña)—ang may malay na Sarili na saksi sa katawan at sa mga gawain nito—ang ipinahahayag na ikawalo. Ang diwang etikal nito ay ang paghiwalay sa Sarili mula sa mga kasangkapan ng pagdama at pagpasya, upang mapamahalaan ang mga pandama at kumilos nang matatag at may malinaw na pag-unawa.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A human being is analyzed into instruments (five senses, mind, intellect) and the true subject (kṣetrajña, the witnessing Self). Ethical mastery begins by recognizing that the Self is distinct from sensory impulses and mental fluctuations, enabling disciplined, discerning action.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues a philosophical-ethical exposition, classifying the components of the person to support teachings on self-control, right understanding, and the pursuit of peace and liberation after the war.