Shloka 11
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
तत्र विज्ञानसंयुक्ता त्रिविधा चेतना ध्रुवा । सुखदु:खेति यामाहुरदुः:खामसुखेति च
tatra vijñānasaṁyuktā trividhā cetanā dhruvā | sukhaduḥkheti yām āhur aduḥkhām asukheti ca ||
Wika ni Bhīṣma: “Sa bagay na ito, ang kamalayan kapag kaugnay ng mapanuring kaalaman (vijñāna) ay tiyak na may tatlong uri. Tinatawag ito ng marurunong na: (1) yaong dumaranas ng ligaya at sakit, (2) yaong malaya sa sakit, at (3) yaong walang ligaya—sa gayon ay inihihiwalay ang tugon ng isip ayon sa dapat tanggapin, dapat itakwil, o dapat isantabi.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma classifies consciousness, when guided by discernment (vijñāna), into three stable modes: one that undergoes pleasure and pain, one that is free from pain, and one that is without pleasure—pointing to ethical discrimination in relation to objects as acceptable, rejectable, or to be treated with equanimity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues a philosophical-ethical exposition, explaining how the mind’s awareness functions in different experiential modes and how discernment shapes one’s engagement with worldly objects.