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Shloka 1

Bṛhaspati’s Counsel on Contentment

Santoṣa), Restraint, and Adroha (Non-injury

अप्-४#-#क+ एकविशो< ध्याय: देवस्थान मुनिके द्वारा युधिष्ठिरके प्रति उत्तम धर्मका और यज्ञादि करनेका उपदेश देवस्थान उवाच अनत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ | इन्द्रेण समये पृष्टो यदुवाच बृहस्पति:,देवस्थान कहते हैं--राजन्‌! इस विषयमें लोग इस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं। किसी समय इन्द्रके पूछनेपर बृहस्पतिने इस प्रकार कहा था--

devasthāna uvāca | atraivodāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | indreṇa samaye pṛṣṭo yad uvāca bṛhaspatiḥ ||

Sinabi ni Devasthāna: “O Hari, sa bagay na ito’y karaniwang binabanggit ng mga tao ang isang sinaunang halimbawa mula sa tradisyon. Noong minsan, nang tanungin siya ni Indra sa angkop na sandali, ganito ang isinagot ni Bṛhaspati.”

अनत्रhere/therein (in this matter)
अनत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनत्र
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उदाहरन्तिthey cite/they give as an example
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-√हृ
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इतिहासम्history/legend
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुरातनम्ancient
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इन्द्रेणby Indra
इन्द्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
समयेat a time/occasion
समये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
Formmasculine, locative, singular
पृष्टःhaving been asked
पृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Root√पृच्छ्
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormLit (perfect), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
बृहस्पतिःBrihaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

देवस्थान उवाच

D
Devasthāna
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
I
Indra
B
Bṛhaspati

Educational Q&A

Ethical instruction is grounded in authoritative precedent: the speaker introduces an ancient traditional narrative (itihāsa) as a model for understanding dharma, preparing the listener to receive a principled teaching from a revered teacher (Bṛhaspati).

Devasthāna addresses the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and announces that an old illustrative story is commonly cited on this topic; he then frames the coming instruction as Bṛhaspati’s response to a question posed by Indra.