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Shloka 35

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

तमेन॑ ब्रह्मण: पुत्रमनुजातं क्षुपं ददौ । प्रजानामधिपं श्रेष्ठ सर्वधर्मभूतामपि,ब्रह्माजीके छोटे पुत्र क्षुपको उन्होंने समस्त प्रजाओं तथा सम्पूर्ण धर्मधारियोंका श्रेष्ठ अधिपति बना दिया

tam enaṁ brahmaṇaḥ putram anujātaṁ kṣupaṁ dadau | prajānām adhipaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ sarvadharmabhūtām api ||

Sinabi ni Vasuharoma: Itinalaga ni Brahmā ang kaniyang anak na isinilang nang mas huli, si Kṣupa, bilang pinakadakilang panginoon ng lahat ng nilalang—tunay na pangunahing tagapangalaga sa hanay ng mga nagtataglay at nagtatanggol ng dharma.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एनम्this (person), him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मणःof Brahmā / of Brahman
ब्रह्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुजातम्born after; younger-born
अनुजातम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुजात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षुपम्Kṣupa (name)
क्षुपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootक्षुप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ददौgave; bestowed
ददौ:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजानाम्of the creatures/subjects
प्रजानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
अधिपम्lord; ruler
अधिपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रेष्ठम्best; foremost
श्रेष्ठम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वधर्मभूतानाम्of all those who are established in dharma / of all dharma-bearers
सर्वधर्मभूतानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound)
Rootसर्व-धर्म-भूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

वसुहरोम उवाच

वसुहरोम (Vasuharoma)
ब्रह्मा (Brahmā)
क्षुप (Kṣupa)
प्रजा (subjects/creatures)
धर्म (dharma)

Educational Q&A

Legitimate sovereignty is portrayed as dharma-based stewardship: the best ruler is one who embodies and protects dharma for the welfare of all beings.

Vasuharoma recounts a cosmogonic/lineage episode in which Brahmā appoints his younger son Kṣupa as the foremost lord over all creatures, emphasizing the ethical foundation of authority.