Shloka 15
त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma
Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123
वसुहोम बोले--राजन्! दण्ड सम्पूर्ण जगत्के नियमके अंदर रखनेवाला है। यह धर्मका सनातन स्वरूप है। इसका उद्देश्य है प्रजाको उद्दण्डतासे बचाना। इसकी उत्पत्ति जिस तरहसे हुई है, सो बता रहा हूँ; सुनो ।।
Vasuharomā uvāca—rājan! daṇḍaḥ sampūrṇaṁ jagad niyamasya antargataṁ dhārayati. eṣa dharmasya sanātanaḥ svarūpaḥ. asya prayojanaṁ prajāṁ auddaṇḍyāt rakṣitum. asya utpattiḥ yathābhūtā mayā te kathyate; śṛṇu. brahmā yiyakṣuḥ bhagavān sarvalokapitāmahaḥ, ṛtvijaṁ nātmanas tulyaṁ dadarśa—iti hi naḥ śrutam.
Sabi ni Vasuharoma: “O hari, ang daṇḍa ang siyang naglalagay sa buong daigdig sa loob ng hanggahan ng kaayusan. Ito ang walang hanggang anyo ng dharma, na ang layon ay iligtas ang mga tao mula sa kawalang-batas at pagmamataas. Ngayon ay isasalaysay ko kung paano ito nagmula—makinig. Narinig namin na minsan, ang mapalad na si Brahmā, ang Pitāmaha ng lahat ng mga daigdig, ay nagnasang magsagawa ng isang yajña; ngunit wala siyang nakita ni isang ṛtvij, isang saserdoteng panghandog, na kapantay niya.”
वसुहरोम उवाच
Educational Q&A
Daṇḍa (punitive authority) is presented as an eternal instrument of dharma that maintains social and cosmic order by restraining unruliness; its ethical aim is protection of the people rather than mere retribution.
Vasuharoma begins explaining the origin and purpose of daṇḍa to the king, introducing a traditional account in which Brahmā wishes to perform a sacrifice but cannot find an officiating priest equal to himself—setting up the ensuing origin-story.