Shloka 61

यथा देवासूुरं युद्ध पूर्वमासीद्‌ विशाम्पते । अभीतानां तथा राजन्‌ यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्‌,राजन! प्रजानाथ! जैसे पूर्वकालमें देवताओं और असुरोंका युद्ध हुआ था, उसी प्रकार भयशून्य कौरवों और पाण्डवोंमें यमराजके राज्यकी वृद्धि करनेवाला भयंकर संग्राम होने लगा

yathā devāsuraṃ yuddhaṃ pūrvam āsīd viśāmpate | abhītānāṃ tathā rājan yamarāṣṭravivardhanam ||

Wika ni Sañjaya: “O panginoon ng bayan, kung paanong noong unang panahon ay nagkaroon ng digmaan sa pagitan ng mga diyos at mga asura, gayon din ngayon, O hari, nagsimula ang isang kakila-kilabot na labanan sa pagitan ng walang-takot na mga Kaurava at mga Pāṇḍava—isang labanan na nagpapalawak sa kaharian ni Yama, ang Panginoon ng Kamatayan.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
देवthe gods
देव:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
असुरम्the asura (demon)
असुरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युद्धम्battle/war
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly, earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord (of the people)
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभीतानाम्of the fearless
अभीतानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअभीत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यमof Yama
यम:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राष्ट्रof the realm/kingdom
राष्ट्र:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
विवर्धनम्increasing, augmenting
विवर्धनम्:
Karta
TypeKridanta
Rootवि + वर्ध (विवर्धन)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by address)
D
Devas
A
Asuras
K
Kauravas
P
Pāṇḍavas
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

The verse frames war as a cosmic-scale event whose immediate ethical consequence is the multiplication of death—“the increase of Yama’s realm.” It implicitly warns that even heroic fearlessness in battle culminates in mortality, urging reflection on the cost of violence and the gravity of kṣatriya action.

Sañjaya reports to the king that a terrifying battle has begun between the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. He heightens the scene by comparing it to the primordial devas–asuras war and by stating that the slaughter will expand Yama’s dominion.