Shloka 2
अध्याय ६४ — सभामध्ये क्रोध-निवारणम्
Restraint of wrath in the royal assembly
स विज्ञेय: पुरुषो<न्यत्रकामो निन्दाप्रशंसे हि तथा युनक्ति | जिह्दा कथं ते हृदयं व्यनक्ति यो न ज्यायस: कृथा मनस: प्रातिकूल्यम्
sa vijñeyaḥ puruṣo ’nyatrakāmo nindāpraśaṃse hi tathā yunakti | jihvā kathaṃ te hṛdayaṃ vyanakti yo na jyāyasaḥ kṛthā manasaḥ prātikūlyam ||
“Ang taong naghahangad sa iba (hindi matatag sa katapatan) ay madaling makilala: abala siya sa paninira sa kinamumuhian niya at sa pagpupuri sa kinahihiligan niya. Kung paanong puno ng poot ang iyong puso laban sa amin, ibinubunyag iyon ng iyong sariling dila. Huwag mong ipakita sa ganitong paraan ang pagsalungat ng isip laban sa mga nakahihigit sa iyo.”
दुर्योधन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Speech exposes inner bias: a person’s attachments and aversions become visible through habitual praise of favorites and blame of opponents. The verse warns against letting hostility toward elders/superiors show itself through words.
In the royal assembly context of the Sabha Parva, Duryodhana addresses another speaker and accuses him of harboring animosity toward the Kauravas, arguing that the person’s tongue (speech) betrays the heart’s hostility and urging restraint toward superiors.