Shloka 50

Devanagari script

तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम तव पुत्रस्य पौरुषम्‌ । यदेक: सहितान्‌ सर्वान्‌ रणेड्युध्यत पाण्डवान्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | tatrādbhutam apaśyāma tava putrasya pauruṣam | yad ekaḥ sahitān sarvān raṇe ’yudhyata pāṇḍavān, rājan |

Translation

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “Mahal na Hari! Doon namin nasaksihan ang kahanga-hangang kagitingan ng iyong anak: sapagkat siya lamang ay nanindigan sa labanan at nakipagsagupa sa lahat ng mga Pāṇḍava na sabay-sabay na dumating.”

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• अद्भुतम्: wonderful, marvelous (thing)
• अद्भुतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अपश्याम: we saw
• अपश्याम: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 1st, Plural

• तव: of you, your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्रस्य: of (your) son
• पुत्रस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पौरुषम्: valor, manly prowess
• पौरुषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौरुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• एकः: alone, single
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहितान्: assembled, together
• सहितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अयुध्यत: fought
• अयुध्यत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

• पाण्डवान्: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• tava putra (Duryodhana)
• Pāṇḍavas
• raṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya ideals of steadfastness and courage in battle—single-minded resolve and willingness to face overwhelming odds—while also reminding the listener that martial prowess is being praised within a tragic, ethically fraught war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son (Duryodhana) displayed remarkable bravery by confronting and fighting the assembled Pāṇḍavas on the battlefield by himself.