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Shloka 52

तुम्बुरुप्रमुखा राजन्‌ गन्धर्वाश्व यतोर्डर्जुन: । प्राधेया: सहमौनेया गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणा:,राजन! देवर्षि, ब्रह्मर्षि तथा राजर्षियोंके समुदाय पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुनके पक्षमें थे। तुम्बुरु आदि गन्धर्व, प्राधा और मुनिसे उत्पन्न हुए गन्धर्व एवं अप्सराओंके समुदाय भी अर्जुनकी ही ओर थे

tumburupramukhā rājan gandharvāś ca yato ’rjunaḥ | prādeyāḥ sahamauneyā gandharvāpsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ ||

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “O Hari, ang mga Gandharva na pinamumunuan ni Tumburu, at ang mga pangkat ng Gandharva at Apsara—yaong tinatawag na Prādeya at yaong isinilang mula sa rishi Mauni—ay pumanig kay Arjuna.”

तुम्बुरु-प्रमुखाःthose headed by Tumburu
तुम्बुरु-प्रमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतुम्बुरु + प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गन्धर्वाःGandharvas
गन्धर्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत-उर्जुनःYat-Urjuna (proper name; reading uncertain)
यत-उर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत् + उर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राधेयाःPrādheyas (a class/name; reading uncertain)
प्राधेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राधेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
मौनेयाःdescendants of Muni (Maunejas)
मौनेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमौनेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गन्धर्व-अप्सरसाम्of Gandharvas and Apsarases
गन्धर्व-अप्सरसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व + अप्सरस्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
गणाःgroups, hosts
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
T
Tumburu
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
M
Mauni (sage, as progenitor of the Mauneyas)
P
Prādeyas (group of Gandharvas)
M
Mauneyas (group descended from Mauni)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a recurring Mahābhārata ethic: dharma is not merely human opinion but a cosmic principle. The alignment of Gandharvas and Apsarases with Arjuna functions as a narrative sign that the righteous cause attracts higher, unseen support.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that celestial groups—Gandharvas led by Tumburu, along with the Prādeyas and the Mauneya-descended Gandharvas and hosts of Apsarases—are on Arjuna’s side, indicating supernatural presence and moral backing in the war context.