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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

धृतराष्ट्र रवाच संजयाधिरथिरीर: सिंहद्विरदविक्रम: । वृषभप्रतिमस्कन्धो वृषभाक्षगतिश्नचरन्‌

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca sañjaya adhirathīraḥ siṃha-dvirada-vikramaḥ | vṛṣabha-pratima-skandho vṛṣabhākṣa-gatiś caran ||

Sinabi ni Dhṛtarāṣṭra: “Sañjaya, si Karṇa—ang magiting na anak ni Adhiratha—ay gumagalaw sa larangan ng digmaan na may lakas na gaya ng leon at elepante. Ang kaniyang mga balikat ay tulad ng sa torong matipuno; ang kaniyang mga mata at lakad ay tila toro rin. Dahil sa pagbuhos niya ng limos na parang ulan, itinuring din siyang ‘vṛṣabha’—toro. Sa gitna ng salpukan ng mga sandata, kahit humarap siya sa kaaway na tulad ni Indra, hindi siya umatras sa labanan. Siya’y nasa kabataan, at ang kaniyang katawan ay matatag na wari’y hinubog mula sa vajra.”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
सञ्जयO Sañjaya
सञ्जय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसञ्जय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अधिरथिःthe son of Adhiratha (Karna)
अधिरथिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिरथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीरःhero, brave man
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सिंह-द्विरद-विक्रमःhaving the prowess of a lion and an elephant
सिंह-द्विरद-विक्रमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसिंह + द्विरद + विक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृषभ-प्रतिम-स्कन्धःwhose shoulders are like a bull's
वृषभ-प्रतिम-स्कन्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृषभ + प्रतिम + स्कन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृषभ-अक्ष-गति-श्चरन्moving with bull-like eyes and gait
वृषभ-अक्ष-गति-श्चरन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृषभ + अक्ष + गति + चर्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
A
Adhiratha
B
battlefield (raṇabhūmi, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the kṣatriya ideal of steadfast courage: a warrior should not retreat when duty calls, even before a formidable opponent. It also frames martial excellence through controlled strength and reputation—valor joined to an identity shaped by generosity and resolve.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra addresses Sañjaya and asks/reflects upon Karṇa’s qualities. He describes Karṇa’s physical power and battlefield bearing through animal similes (lion, elephant, bull), emphasizing his fearlessness and unyielding presence in combat.