Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 34

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

इज्ितज्ञाश्व मगधा:ः प्रेक्षितज्ञाक्ष कोसला:

ijitayajñāśva-magadhāḥ prekṣitayajñākṣa-kosalāḥ | magadhadeśake lokā īśāreṇaiva sarvaṃ vākyārthaṃ budhyante | kosalanivāsinaḥ netrayoḥ bhāvabhaṅgyā manobhāvaṃ jānanti | kuru-pāñcāladeśakāḥ ardhaṃ vacanaṃ uktamātreṇaiva pūrṇārthaṃ gṛhṇanti | śālvadeśanivāsinaḥ sarvaṃ vacanaṃ uktvāpi tadā budhyante | kintu śibideśīyānām iva parvatīya-prāntanivāsinaḥ sarvebhyaḥ vilakṣaṇāḥ | te sarvaṃ vacanaṃ uktvāpi na budhyante ||

Wika ni Karna: “Ang mga taga-Magadha ay nauunawaan ang bagay sa isang munting pahiwatig; ang mga taga-Kosala ay nababasa ang loob sa galaw ng mga mata. Ang mga Kuru at Panchala ay nauunawaan ang kabuuan kahit kalahati lamang ang masabi. Ang mga Shalva ay nakauunawa lamang kapag nasabi na ang lahat. Ngunit ang mga taong nasa hanggahang kabundukan—gaya ng mga Shibi—ay kakaiba sa lahat: kahit sabihin na ang buong bagay, hindi pa rin nila nauunawaan.”

इजितज्ञाःthose who understand by gestures/signs
इजितज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइजितज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मगधाःMagadhas (people of Magadha)
मगधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमगध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रेक्षितज्ञाःthose who understand by looks/eye-signs
प्रेक्षितज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेक्षितज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कोसलाःKosalas (people of Kosala)
कोसलाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोसल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
M
Magadha
K
Kosala
K
Kuru
P
Panchala
S
Shalva
S
Shibi
M
mountain-border regions (parvatīya prānta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights gradations of comprehension—some grasp meaning from hints or expressions, others need full explanation, and some fail even then—implying that effective counsel and strategy depend on knowing the listener’s capacity to understand.

Karna is speaking and characterizing different peoples by how quickly they understand speech and signs, using these comparisons to make a pointed remark about comprehension (and lack of it) among certain groups.