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Shloka 393

Aśvatthāman’s Arrow-Screen and the Confrontation with Yudhiṣṭhira (द्रौणि–युधिष्ठिर-संग्रामः)

पुत्र दद्यां पतिं दद्यां न तु दद्यां सुवीरकम्‌ । यदि कोई पुरुष मद्रदेशकी किसी स्त्रीसे कांजी माँगता है तो वह उसकी कमर पकड़कर खींच ले जाती है और कांजी न देनेकी इच्छा रखकर यह कठोर वचन बोलती है --“कोई मुझसे कांजी न माँगे, क्योंकि वह मुझे अत्यन्त प्रिय है। मैं अपने पुत्रको दे दूँगी, पतिको भी दे दूँगी; परंतु कांजी नहीं दे सकती”

putraṁ dadyāṁ patiṁ dadyāṁ na tu dadyāṁ suvīrakam |

Sabi ni Karna: “Maibibigay ko ang aking anak; maibibigay ko rin maging ang aking asawa; ngunit hindi ko maibibigay ang suvīraka na ito.” Sa salaysay, binabanggit ang linyang ito bilang matalim na halimbawang kasabihan ng mapang-angking pagkapit: isang babae sa lupain ng Madra ang inilalarawang labis na nagmamahal sa isang paboritong bagay kaya’t marahas ang pagtanggi niya sa sinumang humihingi nito. Sa aral, itinatampok ng taludtod kung paanong ang pagnanasa at pagkapit ay maaaring manaig sa karaniwang ugnayan at tungkulin, at kung paanong ang pansariling pagnanasa’y nakapagpapalihis sa pagkakawanggawa at sa mga pamantayang panlipunan.

पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दद्याम्I would give / may I give
दद्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
पतिम्husband
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दद्याम्I would give / may I give
दद्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दद्याम्I would give / may I give
दद्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुवीरकम्kanji (sour gruel; a drink/food item)
सुवीरकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुवीरक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
M
Madra (country/region)
A
a woman of Madra
S
suvīraka (object/food item)

Educational Q&A

The verse illustrates how intense attachment can eclipse even the strongest social and familial bonds. By claiming she could give away son or husband but not the cherished item, the speaker exemplifies distorted priorities driven by craving, warning that desire can undermine ethical balance and generosity.

Karna cites a regional anecdote about a woman from Madra who refuses to give a requested item (linked in the prose to kāñjī/sour gruel). The hyperbolic refusal—offering son or husband instead—functions as a vivid, proverbial comparison within Karna’s speech.