Shloka 19

Adhyāya 35 — Bhīmasena’s Counter-Encirclement and the Karṇa Engagement Escalation

Devanagari script

ताभ्यां यदकृतं वीर वीरकर्म महामृथे

Transliteration

tābhyāṁ yad akṛtaṁ vīra vīrakarma mahāmṛthe

Translation

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “O bayani—tagaganap ng mga gawang bayani—yaong hindi nagawa ng dalawang iyon sa dakilang labanan…?”

Word by Word

• ताभ्याम्: by/with those two (women/things)
• ताभ्याम्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्री, तृतीया, द्विवचन

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अकृतम्: not done; undone
• अकृतम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वीर: O hero
• वीर: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• वीरकर्म: O you of heroic deeds
• वीरकर्म: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीरकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• महामृधे: in the great battle
• महामृधे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महामृध्/महामृध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्री, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line foregrounds the epic’s ethical lens on warfare: deeds in battle are evaluated as ‘heroic action’ (vīra-karma), inviting reflection on valor, responsibility, and the consequences of what warriors ‘accomplish’ amid violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, as the battlefield reporter, addresses a warrior as ‘hero’ and asks what was done by ‘those two’ in the great battle—introducing or continuing an account of a significant pair of combatants and their actions.