Shloka 186

Devanagari script

दुःशासनो महाराज सात्यकिं पर्यवारयत्‌ । भरतवंशी महाराज! “इस सात्यकिको मार डालो”, इस प्रकार उन समस्त सैनिकोंको प्रेरित करते हुए दुःशासनने उन्हें चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

Transliteration

duḥśāsano mahārāja sātyakiṃ paryavārayat |

Translation

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: O Hari, pinaligiran ni Duḥśāsana si Sātyaki sa lahat ng panig, at inudyukan ang nagkakatipong mga mandirigma sa sigaw na, “Patayin ang Sātyaki na ito!” Sa gayon ay ipinakubkob niya siya nang mahigpit. Ipinakikita ng tagpong ito ang prinsipe ng mga Kaurava na nag-uudyok ng sama-samang karahasan sa init ng labanan, kung saan sinusubok kapwa ang bigat ng estratehiya at ang pagpipigil na moral sa gitna ng kaguluhan ng digmaan.

Word by Word

• दुःशासनः: Duhshasana
• दुःशासनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सात्यकिम्: Satyaki
• सात्यकिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पर्यवारयत्: surrounded, enclosed
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + √वृ (वरणे/आवरणे)
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Duḥśāsana
• Sātyaki

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how leaders can inflame mass violence through command and rhetoric; it invites reflection on accountability in war—whether one restrains aggression or amplifies it by inciting others.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duḥśāsana rallies the Kaurava troops to kill Sātyaki and physically encircles him, attempting to overwhelm him through coordinated pressure from all sides.