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Shloka 40

Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava

तद्‌ गोकुलमिवोदशभ्रान्तमुद्‌भ्रान्तरथयूथपम्‌,उवाच पार्थ बीभत्सुं निगृहा रथमुत्तमम्‌ उस समय पाण्डुनन्दन युधिष्ठिरकी वह सेना व्याकुल होकर भटकती हुई गौओंके समूहकी भाँति आर्तस्वरसे हाहाकार करती हुई देखी गयी। कितने ही रथयूथपति भी किंकर्तव्यविमूढ़ होकर घूम रहे थे। अपनी सेनामें इस प्रकार भगदड़ मची हुई देख यदुकुलनन्दन भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने अपने उत्तम रथको खड़ा करके कुन्तीपुत्र अर्जुनसे कहा --

tad gokulam ivodaśa-bhrāntam ud-bhrānta-ratha-yūthapam | uvāca pārtha bībhatsuṁ nigṛhya ratham uttamam ||

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: Ang hukbo ng anak ni Pāṇḍu ay nakita sa matinding kaguluhan, pagala-gala na parang kawan ng mga baka, sumisigaw sa tinig ng dalamhati. Marami ring pinuno ng mga pangkat ng karwaheng pandigma ang paikot-ikot, litong-lito kung ano ang dapat gawin. Nang makita ni Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa, ang ligaya ng angkan ng Yadu, ang ganitong pagkapunit at pag-atras sa sariling hanay, hinila niya ang renda at pinatigil ang kanyang maringal na karwahe, at nagsalita kay Arjuna, anak ni Kuntī—si Bībhatsu, ang walang-urong.

तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गोकुलम्cowherd-settlement; herd-enclosure
गोकुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उदशभ्रान्तम्wandering in all directions; utterly confused
उदशभ्रान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउदश-भ्रान्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उद्भ्रान्तरथयूथपम्having chariot-squad leaders who were bewildered
उद्भ्रान्तरथयूथपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्भ्रान्त-रथ-यूथप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
बीभत्सुम्Arjuna (the dreadful one)
बीभत्सुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबीभत्सु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निगृह्यhaving restrained; having checked
निगृह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-ग्रह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent, best
उत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Pārtha, Bībhatsu)
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Yadukulanandana)
P
Pāṇḍava army
C
chariot-troop leaders (ratha-yūthapāḥ)
K
Kuntī
C
chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

In a battlefield crisis, dharma is sustained through steadiness and right counsel: when collective fear and confusion spread, a competent guide restrains impulsive motion, restores clarity, and directs action according to duty rather than panic.

Sañjaya reports that Yudhiṣṭhira’s forces are in disarray—scattering like frightened cattle, with even chariot-commanders confused. Seeing the rout, Kṛṣṇa halts the chariot and addresses Arjuna, preparing to give immediate guidance for the next course of action.