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Shloka 4

शकुनेः पुत्रेण सह आश्वमेधाश्वविषयः संघर्षः — Arjuna’s restrained engagement with Śakuni’s son during the horse-escort

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु द्वादशीं माघमासिकीम्‌ । इष्टं गृहीत्वा नक्षत्र धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर:,कुरुनन्दन! उस दिन माघ महीनेकी शुक्लपक्षकी द्वादशी तिथि थी। उसमें पुष्य- नक्षत्रका योग पाकर महातेजस्वी पृथ्वीपति धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरने अपने समस्त भाइयों-- भीमसेन, नकुल और सहदेवको बुलवाया और प्रहार करनेवालोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीमसेनको सम्बोधित करके वक्ताओं तथा धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ युधिष्ठिने यह समयोचित बात कही --

etasmīn eva kāle tu dvādaśīṁ māghamāsikīm | iṣṭaṁ gṛhītvā nakṣatraṁ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ, kurunandana |

Wika ni Vaiśampāyana: Sa mismong panahong iyon, ika-labindalawang araw (Dvādaśī) ng maliwanag na kalahati ng buwan sa buwan ng Māgha. Nang matamo ang mapalad na pagsasanib ng bituing Puṣya, si Haring Yudhiṣṭhira—ang matuwid na tagapamahala at dangal ng angkan ng Kuru—ay kinilala ang wastong sandali at naghanda na kumilos ayon sa dharma, pumipili ng panahong pinabanal ng mga tanda sa langit para sa tungkuling naghihintay sa unahan.

एतस्मिन्in this
एतस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
द्वादशीम्the twelfth lunar day (Dvādaśī)
द्वादशीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वादशी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
माघमासिकीम्belonging to the month of Māgha
माघमासिकीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमाघमासिक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इष्टम्the desired/auspicious (thing); (here) chosen/appointed (time)
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृहीत्वाhaving taken/selected
गृहीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
नक्षत्रम्constellation; lunar mansion
नक्षत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मराजःDharma-king (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
K
Kuru lineage (Kurunandana as address)
M
Māgha (month)
D
Dvādaśī (tithi)
N
Nakṣatra (asterism; implied auspicious one, traditionally Puṣya in the prose context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic kingship expressed through attentiveness to right timing (kāla) and auspicious conditions (nakṣatra). Ethical action is not merely about intent but also about performing duties in a manner aligned with sacred order and communal norms.

The narrator Vaiśampāyana marks the time: the bright-fortnight Dvādaśī in Māgha, with a favorable nakṣatra. Yudhiṣṭhira recognizes this auspicious moment as he prepares for the next step in the unfolding events of the Ashvamedhika Parva.