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Shloka 54

Adhyāya 42 — Mahābhūta–Indriya–Adhyātma-Vyavasthā

Brahmā’s Instruction on Elements and Faculties

अग्नि जिसका रूप है, रुधिर जिसका प्रवाह है, पवन जिसका स्पर्श है, पृथ्वी जिसमें हाड़-मासं आदि कठोर रूपमें प्रकट है, आकाश जिसका कान है, जो रोग और शोकसे चारों ओरसे घिरा हुआ है, जो पाँच प्रवाहोंसे आवृत है, जो पाँच भूतोंसे भलीभाँति युक्त है, जिसके नौ द्वार हैं, जिसके दो (जीव और ईश्वर) देवता हैं, जो रजोगुणमय, अदृश्य (नाशवान), (सुख, दुःख और मोहरूप) तीन गुणोंसे तथा वात, पित्त और कफ--इन तीन धातुओंसे युक्त है, जो संसर्गमें रत और जड है, उसको शरीर समझना चाहिये || ५१-- ५३ ।। दुश्चर॑ सर्वलोके5स्मिन्‌ सत्त्वं प्रति समाश्रितम्‌ । एतदेव हि लोकेडस्मिन्‌ कालचक्रं प्रवर्तते,जिसका सम्पूर्ण लोकमें विचरण करना दुः:खद है, जो बुद्धिके आश्रित है, वही इस लोकमें कालचक्र है

agnir yasya rūpaṁ, rudhiraṁ yasya pravāhaḥ, pavano yasya sparśaḥ, pṛthivī yatra hāḍa-māṁsādi kaṭhora-rūpeṇa prakaṭā, ākāśaṁ yasya karṇaḥ; yo roga-śokābhyāṁ sarvataḥ parivṛtaḥ; yaḥ pañca-pravāhaiḥ āvṛtaḥ; yaḥ pañca-bhūtaiḥ samyag yuktaḥ; yasya nava dvārāṇi; yasya dvau (jīva-īśvarau) devatau; yaḥ rajo-guṇamayaḥ, adṛśyaḥ (nāśavān), sukha-duḥkha-moha-rūpaiḥ tribhir guṇaiḥ vāta-pitta-kapha-nāmabhiś ca tribhir dhātubhiḥ yuktaḥ; yaḥ saṁsarge rataḥ jaḍaś ca—taṁ śarīraṁ vijānīyāt. duścaraṁ sarva-loke ’smin sattvaṁ prati samāśritam; etad eva hi loke ’smin kāla-cakraṁ pravartate.

Wika ni Vāyu: “Yaong may apoy bilang anyo, dugo bilang agos na dumadaloy, at hangin bilang haplos; na sa loob nito ang lupa ay nahahayag bilang tigas ng buto at laman; na ang ‘tainga’ ay ang kalawakan; na napaliligiran sa lahat ng panig ng karamdaman at dalamhati; na nababalot ng limang agos; na mahusay na binubuo ng limang elemento; na may siyam na pintuan; na may dalawang diyos—ang indibidwal na sarili (jīva) at ang Panginoon; na pinaghaharian ng rajas, di-nakikita at madaling maglaho; na nakagapos sa tatlong gawi bilang ligaya, sakit, at pagkalito, at sa tatlong katas ng katawan—vāta, pitta, kapha; na nalulugod sa pagdikit at likas na mabigat at manhid—ito ang dapat maunawaang katawan. At yaong mahirap tawirin sa buong daigdig, na umaasa sa isip/diwa—iyan nga ang Gulong ng Panahon na umiikot sa sanlibutan.”

दुश्चरम्hard to traverse / difficult to move about
दुश्चरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुश्चर (दुर् + चर)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सर्वलोकेin the whole world
सर्वलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सत्त्वम्being / existence / entity
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards / with regard to
प्रति:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
समाश्रितम्resting on / dependent on / resorting to
समाश्रितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि (धातु: श्रि)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor / indeed
हि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालचक्रम्wheel of time / cycle of time
कालचक्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालचक्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेmoves on / proceeds / operates
प्रवर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वृत् (वर्त्)
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (Wind-god)
A
Agni (fire principle)
P
Pṛthivī (earth element)
Ā
Ākāśa (space element)
J
Jīva (individual self)
Ī
Īśvara (Lord)
K
Kāla (Time)
K
Kālacakra (Wheel of Time)

Educational Q&A

The passage defines the body as a composite of elements, qualities, and humors—perishable, afflicted by disease and grief, and inert by itself—so that one should not mistake it for the true self. It then points to the relentless ‘wheel of Time’ that governs embodied existence, urging discernment and detachment.

Vāyudeva is speaking in a didactic context, offering a philosophical analysis of embodiment: how the body is constituted (elements, openings, guṇas, doṣas) and how life in the world is driven by Time’s cyclical motion, making worldly wandering difficult.