Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

धृतराष्ट्र-सत्कारः तथा श्राद्ध-दाने नियमनम् | Honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Regulating Śrāddha-Gifts

सदा च प्रातरुत्थाय कृतजप्य: शुचिर्न॑प:

sadā ca prātar utthāya kṛtajapyaḥ śucir nṛpaḥ | viparīta-kṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ ||

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: “Ang isang hari ay dapat laging bumangon nang maaga sa umaga, manatiling malinis, at tapusin ang mga itinakdang pagbigkas ng mga dasal. Ang taong kumikilos nang salungat sa wastong asal ay nagiging kaaway ko; ngunit ang nabubuhay sa ilalim ng disiplina at pagsunod ay nagiging may mabuting hangarin sa akin.” Sa ganitong diwa, si Yudhiṣṭhira—kilalá sa habag—ay paulit-ulit na nagpapaalala sa kanyang mga kapatid at mga ministro na si Dhṛtarāṣṭra ay karapat-dapat igalang; ang susunod sa kanyang mga utos ay dapat ituring na kaibigan ni Yudhiṣṭhira, at ang sasalungat ay ituturing na nagkasala at nararapat parusahan.

सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रातर्in the morning
प्रातर्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रातर्
उत्थायhaving risen
उत्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
कृतजप्यःone who has performed the (required) japa
कृतजप्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-जप्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुचिःpure/clean
शुचिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपःking
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विपरीतकश्चand one who acts contrariwise
विपरीतकश्च:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविपरीत-काश् + च
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नियम्यhaving restrained/controlled
नियम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-यम्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
अश्नन्eats
अश्नन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भवेत्should be/becomes
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

The verse links righteous kingship with personal discipline (rising early, purity, japa) and with ethical governance: loyalty to rightful authority is treated as friendship, while willful contrariness to dharmic command is treated as enmity and becomes liable to royal punishment (daṇḍa).

In the Āśramavāsika context, Yudhiṣṭhira instructs his brothers and ministers to honor Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a venerable elder; those who comply with Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s directives are counted as Yudhiṣṭhira’s allies, and those who oppose are treated as offenders.