HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 2Shloka 138
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Shloka 138

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

यत्र द्यूतार्णवे मग्नां द्रौपदी नौरिवार्णवात्‌ । धृतराष्ट्रो महाप्राज्ञ: स्नुषां परमदु:खिताम्‌,जैसे समुद्रमें डूबी हुई नौकाको कोई फिरसे निकाल ले, वैसे ही द्यूतके समुद्रमें डूबी हुई परमदु:खिनी पुत्रवधू द्रौपदीको परम बुद्धिमान्‌ धृतराष्ट्रने निकाल लिया। जब राजा दुर्योधनको जूएकी विपत्तिसे पाण्डवोंके बच जानेका समाचार मिला, तब उसने पुनः उन्हें (पितासे आग्रह करके) जूएके लिये बुलवाया

yatra dyūtārṇave magnāṃ draupadīṃ naur ivārṇavāt | dhṛtarāṣṭro mahāprājñaḥ snuṣāṃ paramaduḥkhitām ||

Gaya ng isang bangkang lumubog sa karagatan na muling hinihila paitaas, gayon din hinango ng marunong na si Dhṛtarāṣṭra ang kanyang manugang na si Draupadī—lubhang nagdurusa—mula sa kapahamakan na parang dagat ng sugal sa dice. Ipinahihiwatig ng larawang ito ang tungkulin ng hari: pangalagaan ang mahihina at pigilan ang adharma kapag ito’y sumasapaw sa sambahayan ng kaharian.

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
द्यूत-अर्णवेin the ocean of gambling
द्यूत-अर्णवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मग्नाम्sunk, immersed
मग्नाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
द्रौपदीम्Draupadi
द्रौपदीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नौःa boat
नौः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवas, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अर्णवात्from the ocean
अर्णवात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
धृतराष्ट्रःDhritarashtra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाप्राज्ञःvery wise
महाप्राज्ञः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्नुषाम्daughter-in-law
स्नुषाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्नुषा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
परम-दुःखिताम्extremely distressed
परम-दुःखिताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरमदुःखित
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

राम उवाच

D
Draupadī
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
dyūta (dice-game)
A
arṇava (ocean)
N
nauḥ (boat)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a strong metaphor—gambling as an ocean—to highlight how adharma can engulf individuals and families. It points to the ethical responsibility of elders and rulers to intervene, protect those harmed (especially the vulnerable), and restore order when wrongdoing spreads within the royal household.

Draupadī is portrayed as overwhelmed by the disaster arising from the dice-game. Dhṛtarāṣṭra, described as discerning, is said to have ‘drawn her out’ of that peril, like rescuing a boat from the sea—signaling a moment of royal intervention amid the escalating crisis caused by gambling.