Shloka 12

Śrāddha-vidhi for Pitṛs: Invitations, Purity, Offerings, and Conduct

Devanagari script

तस्मान्निमन्त्रितः श्राद्धे नियतात्मा भवेद् द्विजः / अक्रोधनः शौचपरः कर्ता चैव जितेन्द्रियः

Transliteration

tasmānnimantritaḥ śrāddhe niyatātmā bhaved dvijaḥ / akrodhanaḥ śaucaparaḥ kartā caiva jitendriyaḥ

Translation

Kaya nga, ang dvija (brāhmaṇa) na inanyayahan sa Śrāddha ay dapat magpigil sa sarili—walang poot, nakatuon sa kalinisan, bihasa sa pagsasagawa ng ritwal, at nagwagi sa mga pandama.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: हेतु/अपादान (Hetu/Apādāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; हेतु/अपादानार्थ (ablative: therefore/from that)

• निमन्त्रितः: invited
• निमन्त्रितः: विशेषण (Qualifier of द्विजः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निमन्त्रित (कृदन्त; √मन्त्र् (धातु) + नि, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, विशेषण

• श्राद्धे: in the śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण

• नियतात्मा: self-controlled
• नियतात्मा: विशेषण (Qualifier of द्विजः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक); नियत-आत्मन् (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नियतः आत्मा यस्य/नियतात्मा)

• भवेत्: should be
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• द्विजः: the twice-born man
• द्विजः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक

• अक्रोधनः: free from anger
• अक्रोधनः: विशेषण (Qualifier of द्विजः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + क्रोधन (प्रातिपदिक); अक्रोधन (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुष (क्रोधो न यस्य)

• शौचपरः: devoted to cleanliness
• शौचपरः: विशेषण (Qualifier of द्विजः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शौच + पर (प्रातिपदिक); शौच-पर (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (शौचे परः = devoted to purity)

• कर्ता: the performer (of the rite)
• कर्ता: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ (धातु) + तृच्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक (agent noun)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: निपात (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered the senses
• जितेन्द्रियः: विशेषण (Qualifier of द्विजः/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक); जित-इन्द्रिय (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (जितानि इन्द्रियाणि येन)

Speaker

Sūta (narrating Purāṇic instruction on Śrāddha-dharma as taught in the Kurma Purana)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Śrāddha
• Dvija (Brāhmaṇa)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It does so indirectly: by insisting on niyatātmā (disciplined mind) and jitendriya (sense-mastery), it implies that clarity for dharma arises when the inner self is governed rather than driven by anger and sense-impulse.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes practical yama-like restraints—akrodha (non-anger), śauca (purity), and indriya-jaya (sense-control). These are foundational disciplines that align ritual action with inner yogic steadiness.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

This specific verse is primarily dharma-śāstric (Śrāddha conduct) and does not explicitly mention Śiva–Viṣṇu unity; its synthesis is implicit in the Purāṇa’s broader teaching that inner purity and restraint are universal prerequisites for sacred rites across Shaiva-Vaishnava practice.