Brahma Purana — The Two Vedic Paths: Karma, Knowledge, and the Inner Self (Adhyatma), Shloka 20
Devanagari script
सचेतनं जीवगुणं वदन्ति स चेष्टते जीवगुणं च सर्वम् ततः परं क्षेत्रविदो वदन्ति प्रकल्पयन्तो भुवनानि सप्त
Translation
Ang talatang ito ay may bilang na “20” lamang at walang tekstong Sanskrit, kaya hindi maisasalin ang kahulugan.
Word by Word
sa-cetanamconscious
sa-cetanam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष) ‘with consciousness’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), agreeing with jīvaguṇam
jīva-guṇamthe quality/attribute of the jīva
jīva-guṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjīva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vadantithey say
vadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
saḥhe/that
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
ceṣṭateacts / makes effort
ceṣṭate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootceṣṭ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
jīva-guṇamthe jīva-quality
jīva-guṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjīva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
sarvamall
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with implied object/totality
tataḥthereafter / from that
tataḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAblatival adverb (ततः), indicating sequence/source
parambeyond / higher
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used substantively ‘the beyond’
kṣetra-vidaḥknowers of the field
kṣetra-vidaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetra (प्रातिपदिक) + vid (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
vadantithey say
vadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
prakalpayantaḥarranging / constructing
prakalpayantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+kalp (धातु) → prakalpayat (शतृ-कृदन्त)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with kṣetravidaḥ
bhuvanāniworlds
bhuvanāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhuvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्यावाचक), indeclinable-like; here qualifying bhuvanāni (Accusative plural sense)
Speaker
General doctrinal voice reporting views (‘they say…’); continues into Vyāsa’s explicit speech in v.21