Sutra 21

Devanagari script

अप्रदानैश्च देयानामदेयानां च साधनैः ॥ कZ_०७.५.२१च्द् ॥

Transliteration

apradānaiś ca deyānām adeyānāṃ ca sādhanaiḥ

Translation

Sa pagkakait ng dapat ipagkaloob, at sa pag-aayos/pagkakaloob ng hindi dapat ipagkaloob.

Word by Word

• अप्रदानैः: by non-payment / by withholding (what is to be paid)
• Type: Noun (action-noun)
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-बहुवचन; भाववाचक-नाम (अप्रदान)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• देयानाम्: of things that are payable / due
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: देय
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (देय = दातव्य)

• अदेयानाम्: of things that are not payable / not due
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: देय (with नञ्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (अदेय = न दातव्य)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• साधनैः: by means/instruments (methods, measures)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साधन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-बहुवचन

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FAQs

What administrative pattern does Kautilya warn against?

Two-sided distributive corruption: denying legitimate dues while engineering illegitimate favors—both undermine legitimacy and compliance.