Sutra 25

Devanagari script

पूर्वे च प्रहरणकालाः कूटयुद्धहेतवः ॥ कZ_१०.३.२५ ॥

Transliteration

pūrve ca praharaṇakālāḥ kūṭayuddhahetavaḥ

Translation

Ang mga naunang (napagkasunduang) oras ng pag-atake ay batayan para sa lihim/mapanlinlang na pakikidigma (kūṭayuddha).

Word by Word

• पूर्वे: the earlier (ones) / the preceding
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम् (विशेष्यः ‘प्रहरणकालाः’); ‘earlier/preceding’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• प्रहरणकालाः: times for attack/assault (appointed striking-times)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहरणकाल
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

• कूटयुद्धहेतवः: causes/reasons for covert (deceptive) warfare
• Type: Noun
• Root: कूटयुद्धहेतु
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

Entities Mentioned

• kūṭayuddha (covert war)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative distinction is implied by calling certain attack-times ‘causes of kūṭayuddha’?

It separates open, declared battle from operations where timing is privately fixed for advantage—i.e., planning that relies on surprise and concealment rather than mutually agreed engagement.