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Agni Purana — Raja-dharma, Shloka 5

Chapter 226 — राजधर्माः

Rājadharma: Royal Duties and Daṇḍanīti

मध्यमः पञ्च विज्ञेयः सहस्रमपि चोत्तमः चौरैर् अमूषितो यस्तु मूषितो ऽस्मीति भाषते

madhyamaḥ pañca vijñeyaḥ sahasramapi cottamaḥ caurair amūṣito yastu mūṣito 'smīti bhāṣate

Ang katamtamang multa ay dapat maunawaan bilang limang daan, at ang pinakamataas ay isang libo. Ngunit ang hindi naman ninakawan ng mga magnanakaw subalit nagsasabing, “Ako’y ninakawan,” (ay mananagot sa nararapat na parusa).

मध्यमःthe middle (grade)
मध्यमः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ordinal/qualifier (middle grade)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च (प्रातिपदिक; संख्याशब्द)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्द; here used as numeral 'five' (indeclinable-like) qualifying (sāhasa) amount
विज्ञेयःshould be known
विज्ञेयः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्यय; gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'is to be known/should be understood'
सहस्रम्a thousand
सहस्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'a thousand'
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle (also/even)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
उत्तमःthe highest (grade)
उत्तमः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'highest grade' (implied sāhasa)
चौरैःby thieves
चौरैः:
Kartr-karana (कर्तृ-करण)
TypeNoun
Rootचौर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; agent/instrument 'by thieves'
अमूषितःnot robbed
अमूषितः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअ + मूष् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त; past passive participle) with नञ्-प्रत्यय (negation), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'not robbed'
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; relative pronoun
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle
मूषितःrobbed
मूषितः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमूष् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त; past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'robbed'
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (present indicative), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; quotative particle (end of speech)
भाषतेspeaks/says
भाषते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभाष् (धातु)
Formलट् (present indicative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Lord Agni (in instruction to Vasiṣṭha, in the Agni Purana’s rajadharma discourse)

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: samanya

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सहस्रमपि → सहस्रम् अपि; चोत्तमः → च उत्तमः; चौरैर् → चौरैः; यस्तु → यः तु; मूषितो ऽस्मीति → मूषितः अस्मि इति.

C
caura (thief)

FAQs

It imparts juridical grading of fines (middle and highest) and establishes liability for making a false claim of having been robbed—an applied rule of vyavahāra (legal procedure).

Alongside ritual and theology, the Agni Purana preserves practical governance material—criminal classification, monetary penalties, and evidentiary/statement-based offences—showing its coverage of statecraft and law.

False declarations are treated as adharma: they corrupt justice, harm others through deception, and accrue negative karma; truthful speech supports social order and dharmic merit.