Vamana Purana — Kurukshetra & Prithudaka Tirtha, Shloka 40

Kurukshetra, Pṛthūdaka Tīrtha, and the Marriage of Saṃvaraṇa with Tapatī

Devanagari script

ततः सर्वविदव्यग्रोविदित्वा वरुणात्मजः तपतीतापितं वीरं पार्थिवं तपसां निधिः

Transliteration

tataḥ sarvavidavyagroviditvā varuṇātmajaḥ tapatītāpitaṃ vīraṃ pārthivaṃ tapasāṃ nidhiḥ

Translation

แล้วบุตรแห่งวรุณ—ผู้เป็นเลิศในหมู่ผู้รู้ทั้งปวง เป็นขุมทรัพย์แห่งตบะ—ก็ได้ทราบว่า พระราชาผู้กล้าหาญนั้นถูกความร้อนรุ่มเพราะตปตี

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘then/thereafter’

• सर्वविदव्यग्रः: the all-knowing, intent one
• सर्वविदव्यग्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वविद्-व्यग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (वरुणात्मजः); समास: सर्वविद् + व्यग्र (कर्मधारय; ‘eager/intent though all-knowing’)

• विदित्वा: having understood
• विदित्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund), ‘having known/understood’

• वरुणात्मजः: Varuṇa’s son
• वरुणात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण-आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: वरुण + आत्मज (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘son of Varuṇa’)

• तपतीतापितम्: afflicted by Tapatī (love/heat)
• तपतीतापितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपती-तापित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (वीरम्); समास: तपती + तापित (तत्पुरुष: ‘tormented by Tapatī/heat’)

• वीरम्: the hero
• वीरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पार्थिवम्: royal/earthly king
• पार्थिवम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (वीरम्)

• तपसाम्: of austerities
• तपसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• निधिः: treasure/store
• निधिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (वरुणात्मजः केन?—तपसां निधिः)

Speakers

• Not explicit in the given verses (likely narrator within Pulastya–Nārada frame)

Primary Deities

• Varuṇa

Key Themes

• Tapas (ascetic power) as insight
• Sagely intervention in royal affairs
• Love-affliction (kāma-tāpa) recognized and addressed

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Private suffering of rulers is not treated as merely personal; it is a matter for wise counsel. Tapas here functions as ethical intelligence—discernment that enables timely guidance before desire becomes destructive.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Vamśānucarita: the verse advances the plot through the appearance/awareness of a significant figure (Varuṇa’s son) who will likely mediate events in the royal line.

What is the symbolic significance?

‘Varuṇa’s son’ evokes the cosmic order (ṛta) associated with Varuṇa; the knower’s recognition of love-torment suggests that even kāma is ultimately brought under dharmic order through tapas-guided counsel.