Vamana Purana — Structure of Jambudvipa, Shloka 38
The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples
गान्धारा यवनाश्चैव सिन्धुसौवीरमद्रकाः शातद्रवा ललित्थाश्च पारावतसमूषकाः
gāndhārā yavanāścaiva sindhusauvīramadrakāḥ śātadravā lalitthāśca pārāvatasamūṣakāḥ
มีชนคันธาระและยวนะ; ชนสินธุ สาวีระ และมทรกะ; รวมทั้ง ศาตทรวะ ลลิตถะ และ ปาราวต-สมูษกะ ด้วยเช่นกัน।
{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
FAQs
By naming borderland and ‘foreign’ groups (e.g., Yavanas), the text normalizes a plural human world, implying that religious geography and dharma discourse are not confined to a single ethnic or political identity.
It functions as cosmographical/ethnographical enumeration, typically treated as supporting material within broader world-description passages rather than the core five marks in a strict sense.
The inclusion of well-known frontier ethnonyms (Gāndhāra, Yavana, Sindhu) symbolizes the Purāṇic ambition to map sacred order across the ‘known world,’ integrating peripheries into a single imagined civilizational cosmos.