Verse 46

Katharudra

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सर्वोपाधिविनिर्मुक्तं स्वात्मानं भावयेत् सुधीः ॥

एवं यो वेद तत्त्वेन ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ।

सर्ववेदान्तसिद्धान्तसारं वच्मि यथार्थतः ॥

स्वयं मृत्वा स्वयं भूत्वा स्वयमेवावशिष्यते ॥

इत्युपनिषत् ॥४६–४७॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

सर्व-उपाधि-विनिर्मुक्तम् । स्व-आत्मानम् । भावयेत् । सु-धीः ॥

एवम् । यः । वेद । तत्त्वेन । ब्रह्म-भूयाय । कल्पते ।

सर्व-वेदान्त-सिद्धान्त-सारम् । वच्मि । यथा-अर्थतः ॥

स्वयम् । मृत्वा । स्वयम् । भूत्वा । स्वयम्-एव । अवशिष्यते ॥

इति । उपनिषत् ॥ ४६–४७ ॥

IAST Transliteration

sarvopādhivinirmuktaṃ svātmānaṃ bhāvayet sudhīḥ |

evaṃ yo veda tattvena brahmabhūyāya kalpate |

sarvavedāntasiddhāntasāraṃ vacmi yathārthataḥ |

svayaṃ mṛtvā svayaṃ bhūtvā svayamevāvaśiṣyate |

ity upaniṣat ||46–47||

Translation

บัณฑิตพึงเพ่งพิจารณาอาตมันของตน อันหลุดพ้นจากอุปาธิทั้งปวง (เครื่องประกอบจำกัดทั้งหลาย) ผู้ใดรู้ความจริงนี้ตามตัตตวะ ย่อมสมควรแก่ภาวะแห่งพรหมัน ข้าพเจ้ากล่าวโดยตรงตามความเป็นจริงถึงแก่นสารแห่งข้อสรุปอันตั้งมั่นของเวทานตะทั้งสิ้น เมื่อ ‘ตาย’ จากความยึดถืออัตตา เมื่อ ‘เป็น’ พรหมันแล้ว ย่อมเหลืออยู่เพียงตนเองเท่านั้น ดังนี้อุปนิษัทจบลง

Academic Translation

The wise person should contemplate the Self, freed from all limiting adjuncts. Thus, whoever knows (this) in accordance with reality becomes fit for Brahmanhood. I state, as it truly is, the essence of the established conclusions of all Vedānta. Having oneself ‘died’ (to identification), having oneself ‘become’ (Brahman), one alone remains as oneself. Thus ends the Upaniṣad.

Verse Context

• Ātman–Brahman identity; removal of upādhis (limiting adjuncts); mokṣa through jñāna
• Mahavakya: Closest in purport to ‘अहं ब्रह्मास्मि’ (Aham brahmāsmi) and ‘तत् त्वम् असि’ (Tat tvam asi): knowing the Self beyond upādhis culminates in brahma-bhāva (Brahmanhood).
• Krishna Yajurveda
• Chandas: Mixed/irregular (late Upaniṣadic, largely anuṣṭubh-like śloka diction rather than strict Vedic meter)