Kaivalya Upanishad: Verse 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

वेदान्तविज्ञानसुनिश्चितार्थाः संन्यासयोगाद्यतयः शुद्धसत्त्वाः । ते ब्रह्मलोकेषु परान्तकाले परामृताः परिमुच्यन्ति सर्वे ॥४॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

वेदान्त-विज्ञान-सु-निश्चित-अर्थाः । संन्यास-योगात् यतयः शुद्ध-सत्त्वाः । ते ब्रह्म-लोकेषु पर-अन्त-काले । परम् अमृताः परि-मुच्यन्ति सर्वे ॥४॥

Recitation with translationKaivalya Upanishad 4

IAST Transliteration

vedāntavijñānasuniścitārthāḥ saṃnyāsayogād yatayaḥ śuddhasattvāḥ | te brahmalokeṣu parāntakāle parāmṛtāḥ parimucyante sarve ||4||

Translation

ผู้ที่ได้หยั่งรู้ความหมายอันแน่นอนด้วยญาณแห่งเวทานตะ—นักบวชผู้เพียรพยายาม ผู้มีสัตตวะบริสุทธิ์—เมื่อกาลสิ้นสุด ณ โลกของพรหมทั้งหลาย ย่อมบรรลุอมตธรรมสูงสุด และหลุดพ้นโดยสิ้นเชิงทุกคน

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Academic Translation

Those whose purport has been well ascertained through Vedānta-knowledge—renunciant strivers, purified in sattva—at the final end of time, in the Brahma-worlds, all are completely released, having attained the supreme immortality.

Word by Word

• vedānta-vijñāna-suniścitārthāḥ: those whose understanding of Vedānta is firmly ascertained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vedānta (प्रातिपदिक) + vijñāna (प्रातिपदिक) + su-niścita (कृदन्त, नि√श्चि) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः—‘येṣāṃ vedānta-vijñānena su-niścitāḥ arthāḥ’

• saṃnyāsa-yogāt: from the discipline of renunciation
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃnyāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः पञ्चमी एकवचनम्; हेतौ/अपादाने—‘saṃnyāsa-yogāt’

• yatayaḥ: ascetics
• Type: Noun
• Root: yati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्

• śuddha-sattvāḥ: of purified mind (pure sattva)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śuddha (प्रातिपदिक) + sattva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः—‘yeṣāṃ sattvaṃ śuddham’

• te: they
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्

• brahma-lokeṣu: in the worlds/realm of Brahman
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahma-loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः सप्तमी बहुवचनम्

• para-anta-kāle: at the end-time (final period)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः सप्तमी एकवचनम्; अधिकरणे—‘at the final time’

• para-amṛtāḥ: having attained the supreme immortality
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + amṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; कर्मधारयः—‘param amṛtam’

• parimucyante: are completely released
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari√muc (धातु)
• Form: लट् लकारः; आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः बहुवचनम्

• sarve: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः प्रथमा बहुवचनम्

Sandhi Notes

• vedānta-vijñāna-suniścitārthāḥ = vedānta + vijñāna + su-niścita + arthāḥ (समास)
• saṃnyāsayogād = saṃnyāsa-yogāt (द्→त् पदान्ते)
• brahmalokeṣu = brahma-lokeṣu
• parāntakāle = para-anta-kāle
• parāmṛtāḥ = para-amṛtāḥ
• parimucyante (no external sandhi)

About this Verse

Central concept

Mokṣa through Vedānta-jñāna and saṃnyāsa; liberation (krama-mukti imagery via Brahmaloka)

The mahavakyas

Supports the import of identity-teachings such as “अहं ब्रह्मास्मि (ahaṃ brahmāsmi)” by emphasizing Vedānta-vijñāna as the decisive means; also resonates with “प्रज्ञानं ब्रह्म (prajñānaṃ brahma)” as knowledge culminating in immortality.

Veda

Atharva

Shakha

Atharva-veda (Kaivalya Upaniṣad; commonly transmitted within Atharvaṇic Upaniṣad collections; specific śākhā not securely attested)

Chandas

Mixed/Upaniṣadic anuṣṭubh-like śloka (non-strict classical anuṣṭubh)

Yoga and practice

Affirms jñāna-yoga grounded in saṃnyāsa; emphasizes sattva-śuddhi (purification) as a prerequisite; frames liberation as the fruit of steady discernment (niścaya) and renunciant discipline.