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Verse 49

Brahmavidya

गृहस्थो ब्रह्मचारी च वानप्रस्थश्च भिक्षुकः । यत्र तत्र स्थितो ज्ञानी परमाक्षरवित्सदा ॥ विषयी विषयासक्तो याति देहान्तरे शुभम् । ज्ञानादेवास्य शास्त्रस्य सर्वावस्थोऽपि मानवः ॥४९-५०॥

गृहस्थः । ब्रह्मचारी । च । वानप्रस्थः । च । भिक्षुकः । यत्र । तत्र । स्थितः । ज्ञानी । परम-अक्षर-वित् । सदा ॥ विषयी । विषय-आसक्तः । याति । देह-अन्तरे । शुभम् । ज्ञानात् । एव । अस्य । शास्त्रस्य । सर्व-अवस्थः । अपि । मानवः ॥

gṛhastho brahmacārī ca vānaprasthaś ca bhikṣukaḥ | yatra tatra sthito jñānī paramākṣaravit sadā || viṣayī viṣayāsakto yāti dehāntare śubham | jñānād evāsya śāstrasya sarvāvastho 'pi mānavaḥ ||49–50||

ไม่ว่าเป็นคฤหัสถ์ พรหมจารี วานปรัสถ์ หรือภิกษุ—อยู่ ณ ที่ใดก็ตาม—ผู้รู้ (ญาณี) คือผู้รู้แจ้งอักษระสูงสุดอยู่เสมอ ส่วนผู้เสพกามคุณ ผู้ยึดติดในอารมณ์ทั้งหลาย ย่อมไปสู่กายอื่น (เวียนว่ายในสังสารวัฏ) เพื่อแสวงหาสิ่งที่ตนเห็นว่าเป็นมงคล แต่ด้วยความรู้แห่งศาสตรานี้เท่านั้น มนุษย์—แม้อยู่ในอาศรมหรือสภาพใด—ย่อมบรรลุจุดหมาย

Whether a householder, a celibate student, a forest-dweller, or a mendicant—wherever he may be situated—the knower, the constant knower of the supreme Imperishable, (is such). The sense-enjoyer, attached to objects, goes into another body (i.e., transmigrates), (seeking) the auspicious. By the knowledge of this teaching alone, a human being—though in any condition of life—(attains the goal).

Jñāna as liberating across āśramas; saṃsāra through viṣaya-āsakti; mokṣa through Akṣara-jñānaMahavakya: Supports the universality of mahāvākya-realization: Brahman-knowledge is not confined to a single āśrama; realization (‘tat tvam asi’/‘aham brahmāsmi’) is possible for any qualified seeker.AtharvaChandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka)