Skanda Purana — Vishnu Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

निजाश्रमे तपो दुर्गं चकार प्रयतो व्रती । एकदा तमथो द्रष्टुं दुर्वासा मुनिरागतः

Transliteration

nijāśrame tapo durgaṃ cakāra prayato vratī | ekadā tamatho draṣṭuṃ durvāsā munirāgataḥ

Translation

ในอาศรมของตนเอง ฤๅษีผู้สำรวมถือพรตได้บำเพ็ญตบะอันยากยิ่ง วันหนึ่งมุนีทุรวาสะได้มาถึงเพื่อพบเขา

Word by Word

• निजाश्रमे: in (his) own hermitage
• निजाश्रमे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निज + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (निजस्य आश्रमः)

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दुर्गम्: difficult (to perform)
• दुर्गम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘तपः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• चकार: did, performed
• चकार: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• प्रयतः: disciplined, restrained
• प्रयतः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘व्रती’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• व्रती: vowed ascetic
• व्रती: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एकदा: once
• एकदा: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एकदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (once)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अथो: then indeed
• अथो: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय) + उ (निपात)
• Form: निपात/समुच्चयार्थ-अव्यय; ‘अथ’ (then) + ‘उ’ (emphatic particle)

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive), ‘द्रष्टुम्’ = दर्शनार्थम्

• दुर्वासाः: Durvāsā
• दुर्वासाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्वासस्/दुर्वासा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मुनिः: sage
• मुनिः: Apposition (Samānādhikaraṇa/समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘दुर्वासाः’ इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्

• आगतः: came, arrived
• आगतः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (भूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि—‘having come’

Speaker

Agastya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Ayodhyā-kṣetra (frame); āśrama episode

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A forest hermitage near Ayodhyā: Viśvāmitra seated in austerity, matted hair and deer-skin; Durvāsā arrives suddenly, staff in hand, radiant yet severe; the atmosphere is tense but sacred.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra (context)
• Durvāsā
• Āśrama
• Tapas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Austerity and vows build inner strength, and visits by great sages test and reveal one’s spiritual maturity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tirtha is named; the verse depicts āśrama life within the Ayodhyā Māhātmya narrative frame.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Practice of vrata and tapas (disciplined austerity) is indicated, though no detailed rite is specified.