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Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 41

बृहस्पतिरुवाच । कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्च सुरसत्तम । चतुर्युगमिदं प्रोक्तं तत्त्वतो मुनिसत्तमैः

bṛhaspatiruvāca | kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃ ca kaliśca surasattama | caturyugamidaṃ proktaṃ tattvato munisattamaiḥ

พระพฤหัสปติกล่าวว่า: ข้าแต่เทพผู้ประเสริฐยิ่ง กฤตะ เทรตา ทวาประ และกาลี—สี่ยุคนี้ บรรดามุนีผู้เลิศได้อธิบายไว้ตามความจริงโดยแท้

बृहस्पतिःBṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
कृतम्Kṛta (Satya-yuga)
कृतम्:
Karta (Item in enumeration/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
त्रेताTretā (yuga)
त्रेता:
Karta (Item in enumeration/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
द्वापरम्Dvāpara (yuga)
द्वापरम्:
Karta (Item in enumeration/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कलिःKali (yuga)
कलिः:
Karta (Item in enumeration/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकलि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
सुरसत्तमO best of gods
सुरसत्तम:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular)
चतुर्युगम्the four-yuga cycle
चतुर्युगम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् + युग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रोक्तम्has been declared
प्रोक्तम्:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि (passive: 'has been said')
तत्त्वतःtruly, in essence
तत्त्वतः:
Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (adverb: 'in truth/essentially')
मुनिसत्तमैःby the best sages
मुनिसत्तमैः:
Karana/Karta (Agent in passive/कर्तृ-करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

Bṛhaspati

Tirtha: Dvārakā (implied by section)

Type: kshetra

Listener: Indra (Vāsava), addressed as surasattama

Scene: Bṛhaspati, the guru of the gods, instructs Indra (Vāsava) on the four yugas as a cosmic wheel of time, with subtle symbols of decline across ages.

B
Bṛhaspati
I
Indra (surasattama)
K
Kṛta-yuga
T
Tretā-yuga
D
Dvāpara-yuga
K
Kali-yuga

FAQs

Dharma is understood within cosmic time; knowing the yugas is part of grasping how righteousness is taught and practiced.

The immediate verse is doctrinal (yuga framework), supporting the broader Dvārakā Māhātmya teaching context.

None; the verse introduces a doctrinal classification of time (caturyuga).