Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 14

Devanagari script

कृष्णं विष्णुं हरिं देवं विश्रांतं च कलौ स्मृतम् । द्वादश्यां जागरे रात्रावश्वमेधायुतं फलम्

Transliteration

kṛṣṇaṃ viṣṇuṃ hariṃ devaṃ viśrāṃtaṃ ca kalau smṛtam | dvādaśyāṃ jāgare rātrāvaśvamedhāyutaṃ phalam

Translation

ในกาลียุค การระลึกถึงพระกฤษณะ—พระวิษณุ พระหริ ผู้เป็นเทพเจ้า—ผู้ถูกกล่าวว่า ‘ประทับพัก’ ณ ที่นี้ และการถือการตื่นเฝ้าตลอดราตรีในคืนทวาทศี ย่อมได้ผลบุญเทียบเท่าพิธีอัศวเมธะหนึ่งหมื่นครั้ง

Word by Word

• कृष्णम्: Kṛṣṇa
• कृष्णम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विष्णुम्: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हरिम्: Hari
• हरिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• देवम्: the god
• देवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विश्रान्तम्: rested/at repose
• विश्रान्तम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-श्रम् (धातु) → विश्रान्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक

• कलौ: in the Kali age
• कलौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• स्मृतम्: is remembered/said
• स्मृतम्: Kriya (Predicative/भाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) → स्मृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; (इह ‘स्मृतम्’ = ‘is remembered/said’—भावे प्रयोगः)

• द्वादश्याम्: on the twelfth lunar day
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• जागरे: in the vigil (keeping awake)
• जागरे: Adhikarana (Occasion/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• अश्वमेध-अयुतम्: equal to ten thousand Aśvamedha sacrifices
• अश्वमेध-अयुतम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्वमेध (प्रातिपदिक) + अयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अश्वमेधानाम् अयुतम् = ten-thousand Aśvamedhas’ worth)

• फलम्: fruit/result
• फलम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Unknown (within Dvārakā Māhātmya narration; likely a Purāṇic narrator addressing a listener)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dvārakā (Dvādaśī-jāgara in Hari-kṣetra)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Night vigil on Dvādaśī: lamps in rows, devotees singing before Kṛṣṇa; a moonlit sea-breeze; the Lord depicted serene, ‘resting’ in a sanctum while kīrtana continues till dawn.

Characters & Entities

• Kṛṣṇa
• Viṣṇu
• Hari
• Kali-yuga
• Dvādaśī
• Aśvamedha

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

In Kali-yuga, accessible devotional disciplines like remembrance and vigil are exalted as equal to vast Vedic sacrifices.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The context is Dvārakā Māhātmya; the verse centers on Kṛṣṇa’s abiding presence associated with the sacred locale.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Keeping night vigil (jāgara) on Dvādaśī while remembering Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu/Hari.