नद्यो नदाश्च शैलाश्च वनान्युपवनानि च । पुरग्रामा ह्यरण्यानि सागराश्च सरांसि च
nadyo nadāśca śailāśca vanānyupavanāni ca | puragrāmā hyaraṇyāni sāgarāśca sarāṃsi ca
ทั้งแม่น้ำและลำธาร ภูผา ป่าและอุทยาน; นครและหมู่บ้าน พงไพร มหาสมุทรและสระน้ำ—ล้วนประหนึ่งปรากฏอยู่ ณ ที่นั้น
A narrator within Dvārakā Māhātmya (speaker not explicit in the excerpt)
Tirtha: Dvārakā
Type: kshetra
Scene: A panoramic, symbolic map-like vision of Dvārakā where rivers, mountains, forests, villages, oceans, and lakes appear simultaneously around the city, as if the whole earth’s terrains converge at Kṛṣṇa’s abode.
The tīrtha is envisioned as a microcosm: the sanctity of all landscapes is gathered where the Lord is present.
Dvārakā, implied as the place where all sacred landscapes are mystically represented.
None; it is a descriptive praise of the site’s all-encompassing holiness.