Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 50

Devanagari script

प्रतिज्ञां सर्वभूपानां शृण्वतां कृतवान्द्विजाः । एवमुक्त्वा स सन्नद्धो युद्धाय परिधावितः

Transliteration

pratijñāṃ sarvabhūpānāṃ śṛṇvatāṃ kṛtavāndvijāḥ | evamuktvā sa sannaddho yuddhāya paridhāvitaḥ

Translation

โอ้พราหมณ์ทั้งหลาย เขาได้ตั้งปณิธานนี้ต่อหน้ากษัตริย์ทั้งปวงที่กำลังสดับอยู่ ครั้นกล่าวดังนั้นแล้วก็สวมศัสตราวุธพร้อม และพุ่งออกไปเพื่อศึก

Word by Word

• प्रतिज्ञाम्: vow, pledge
• प्रतिज्ञाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• सर्वभूपानाम्: of all kings
• सर्वभूपानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + भूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• शृण्वताम्: of (those) listening
• शृण्वताम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रु (धातु) → शृण्वत् (शतृ-कृदन्त, वर्तमान)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले ‘hearing’

• कृतवान्: (he) made / performed
• कृतवान्: Kriya (Verbal predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृतवत् (कृदन्त, क्तवतुँ)
• Form: क्तवतुँ-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृत्य (perfective past participle used predicatively); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• द्विजाः: O brāhmaṇas / twice-born
• द्विजाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे अपि प्रयुज्यते

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उक्त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, अव्ययभाव)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया ‘having said’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• सन्नद्धः: armed, prepared
• सन्नद्धः: Karta-anvayi (Subject complement/कर्तृसम्बन्धी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + नह् (धातु) → सन्नद्ध (क्त-प्रत्यय कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘armed/ready’ (predicate adjective)

• युद्धाय: for battle
• युद्धाय: Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन), एकवचन

• परिधावितः: rushed/ran forth
• परिधावितः: Kriya (Verbal predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + धाव् (धातु) → परिधावित (क्त-प्रत्यय कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि प्रयोग; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘ran about/charged’

Speaker

Śrīprahlāda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dvārakā (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Brāhmaṇas (dvijāḥ)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Rukmī fastening armor, tightening bowstring, mounting chariot; kings around him as witnesses; dust and urgency as he rushes to battle.

Characters & Entities

• Rukmī
• Kings (bhūpas)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Publicly declared prideful vows bind a person to escalating conflict; dharma requires restraint and right intention.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Dvārakā, whose māhātmya includes the remembered history of Kṛṣṇa’s triumphs.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it narrates the lead-up to battle.