Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 70

Devanagari script

मया हतमिदं विश्वं जगदेतच्चराचरम् । जेताहं सर्वदेवानां सर्वेषां दुरतिक्रमः

Transliteration

mayā hatamidaṃ viśvaṃ jagadetaccarācaram | jetāhaṃ sarvadevānāṃ sarveṣāṃ duratikramaḥ

Translation

โดยเรา จักรวาลทั้งสิ้นนี้—โลกที่เคลื่อนไหวและไม่เคลื่อนไหว—ถูกทำลายลงแล้ว เราคือผู้พิชิตเทพทั้งปวง ผู้ยากจะก้าวล่วง และไม่อาจปราบได้

Word by Word

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr̥ (Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• हतम्: slain/destroyed
• हतम्: Predicate (of 'विश्वम्')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √हन् (हन्) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle): हत; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Visheshana (of viśvam)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (demonstrative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• विश्वम्: universe
• विश्वम्: Karta (Subject of passive predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• जगत्: world
• जगत्: Apposition (to viśvam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (of jagat)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (demonstrative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• चराचरम्: moving and unmoving
• चराचरम्: Visheshana (of jagat/viśvam)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चर (प्रातिपदिक) + अचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समासः (copulative): चरं च अचरं च; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• जेता: conqueror
• जेता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √जि (जि) + तृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (agent noun): जेतृ; पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (Apposition to jetā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• सर्वदेवानाम्: of all the gods
• सर्वदेवानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समासः: सर्वे देवाः; पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• सर्वेषाम्: Visheshana (of sarvadevānām)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• दुरतिक्रमः: hard to surpass/overstep
• दुरतिक्रमः: Predicative Complement (of aham/jetā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर् (उपसर्ग) + अतिक्रम (प्रातिपदिक; √क्रम् (क्रम्) + अति)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम् (Singular)

Speaker

Kāla

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kedāra/Kedāranātha

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: King Śveta (implied immediate audience)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Kāla proclaims his universal conquest: imagery of collapsing worlds—trees, cities, gods—yet framed within a sacred Himalayan setting where Śiva’s calm presence hints at transcendence beyond destruction.

Characters & Entities

• Kāla
• Sarvadevāḥ (all gods)
• Jagat (world)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Kāla represents the unavoidable cosmic law, yet the larger narrative shows that Śiva’s grace can restrain even Death.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kedāra-region Mahātmya context (Kedārakhaṇḍa), emphasizing Śiva’s sovereignty in sacred geography.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None in this verse; it is a self-description of Kāla’s cosmic function.