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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 23

Devanagari script

तपो जुषाणः सहसा महात्मा हिमालयस्याग्रगतस्तथैव । गणैर्वृतो वीरभद्रप्रधानैः स केवलो मूलविद्याविहीनः

Transliteration

tapo juṣāṇaḥ sahasā mahātmā himālayasyāgragatastathaiva | gaṇairvṛto vīrabhadrapradhānaiḥ sa kevalo mūlavidyāvihīnaḥ

Translation

ผู้มีมหาตมันยินดีในตบะ ก็รีบไปถึงเบื้องหน้าของหิมาลัยดังเดิม ถูกห้อมล้อมด้วยหมู่คณะคณะ (คณะเทพ) ที่มีวีรภัทรเป็นประธาน แต่ท่านกลับดำรงอยู่อย่างเดียวดาย—ประหนึ่งปราศจากวิทยาเดิม (คือไร้ศักติ)

Word by Word
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; 'तपः' इति रूपम्
जुषाणःpractising/enjoying (engaged in)
जुषाणः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootजुष् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सहसाsuddenly, forcefully
सहसा:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
हिमालयस्यof the Himalaya
हिमालयस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootहिमालय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
अग्रगतःgone to the front; standing at the forefront
अग्रगतः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्र + गत (गम्-धातु; क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle used adjectivally); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—'अग्रे गतः' इति (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष)
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण
एवindeed, just
एव:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
गणैःby/with the troops (attendants)
गणैः:
Sahakari/Karana (Instrument/Association)
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/सह), बहुवचन
वृतःsurrounded
वृतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थः—'आवृतः/परिवृतः'
वीरभद्रप्रधानैःwith those led by Vīrabhadra
वीरभद्रप्रधानैः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवीरभद्र + प्रधान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—'वीरभद्रः प्रधानः येषां ते' इति (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/निर्देशात्मक)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
केवलःalone, only
केवलः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मूलविद्याविहीनःdevoid of the fundamental knowledge
मूलविद्याविहीनः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमूलविद्या + विहीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—'मूलविद्यया विहीनः' (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष)
Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kedāra-Himālaya region (implied)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis/Brāhmaṇas (address implied by surrounding verses)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A great ascetic figure strides swiftly to the Himalayan forefront; snow peaks and cedar forests; a ring of fierce yet devotional gaṇas surrounds him, with Vīrabhadra prominent; despite the entourage, the central figure appears inwardly solitary, suggesting separation from Śakti/primordial vidyā.

Characters & Entities
H
Himālaya
V
Vīrabhadra
G
Gaṇas
M
Mūlavidyā (primal knowledge/Śakti)

FAQs

Tapas becomes the bridge from loss to restoration—spiritual discipline prepares the return of divine fullness (Śiva’s union with Śakti).

The Himalaya—central to Kedārakhaṇḍa’s sacred geography—is highlighted as the arena of Śiva’s austerity.

Tapas is extolled generally; no specific vrata, dāna, or snāna rule is stated in this verse.

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